Broken block ciphers | Feistel ciphers

Khufu and Khafre

In cryptography, Khufu and Khafre are two block ciphers designed by Ralph Merkle in 1989 while working at Xerox's Palo Alto Research Center. Along with Snefru, a cryptographic hash function, the ciphers were named after the Egyptian Pharaohs Khufu, Khafre and Sneferu. Under a voluntary scheme, Xerox submitted Khufu and Khafre to the US National Security Agency (NSA) prior to publication. NSA requested that Xerox not publish the algorithms, citing concerns about national security. Xerox, a large contractor to the US government, complied. However, a reviewer of the paper passed a copy to John Gilmore, who made it available via the sci.crypt newsgroup. It would appear this was against Merkle's wishes. The scheme was subsequently published at the 1990 CRYPTO conference (Merkle, 1990). Khufu and Khafre were patented by Xerox; the patent was issued on March 26, 1991. (Wikipedia).

Video thumbnail

ЩΉӨ BЦIᄂƬ ƬΉΣ PYЯΛMIDƧ

Try 23andMe: http://www.23andme.com/okay Enjoy this video? SUBSCRIBE! ►► http://bit.ly/iotbs_sub ↓↓↓More info and sources below ↓↓↓ Who built the pyramids? The colossal geometric monuments found at Giza and elsewhere in Egypt are some of Earth’s most impressive constructions. Pyramid

From playlist Be Smart - LATEST EPISODES!

Video thumbnail

The Most Hated Female Pharaoh | Nefertiti | Ancient Egypt Documentary

Nefertiti was a powerful and influential figure during a time of profound cultural upheaval. She even rose to the rank of co-pharaoh and eventually sole pharaoh of Egypt. Her beautiful and elegant limestone bust has rendered her one of the most iconic figures from the ancient world! Nefer

From playlist Ancient Biographies

Video thumbnail

The First Female Pharaoh | Sobekneferu | Ancient Egypt Documentary

Sobekneferu became the first official female pharaoh in ancient Egyptian history after a succession crisis threatened to end the Middle Kingdom’s golden age. She was one of about a dozen women to ever rule Egypt during its 3,000 year history! Sobekneferu Biography 1830 BC - 1802 BC The Fi

From playlist Ancient Biographies

Video thumbnail

The Greatest Female Pharaoh | Hatshepsut | Ancient Egypt Documentary

Hatshepsut was a powerful ancient Egyptian pharaoh during the 15th century BC who expanded her empire’s trade routes and constructed one of ancient Egypt’s greatest architectural wonders. Hatshepsut's long and prosperous reign made her one of the most successful pharaohs in history! Hatsh

From playlist Ancient Biographies

Video thumbnail

Ancient Egypt Timeline & Mythology Family Tree

Buy the poster: https://usefulcharts.com/products/egyptian-mythology-family-tree Family Tree of Dynasties 18, 19 & 20 (New Kingdom) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HaZmGPePdTg&list=PL5Ag9n-o0IZAO1eZrcS8wBVfcu3ZW_Lx-&index=8 Family Tree of Ptolemaic Dynasty: https://www.youtube.com/watch?

From playlist General Topics

Video thumbnail

The Engineering Behind the Pyramids

Thanks to Pepperonin for supporting us on Patreon and making this video possible! Support us here: http://bit.ly/2qBHcvf 4000 years ago aliens descended on the earth and built the pyramids as symbols of their galactic dominance. That may be the case, but there's probably a more practical

From playlist Concerning History

Video thumbnail

The Greatest Pharaoh | Ramesses II | Ancient Egypt Documentary

Ramesses II was a poweful pharaoh who maintained stability within the empire, preserved its borders, and built immense monuments throughout Egypt. His unprecedented sixty-six year long reign and countless achievements immortalized him as 'Ramesses the Great!' Ramesses II Biography 1303 BC

From playlist Ancient Biographies

Video thumbnail

The Most Hated Pharaoh | Akhenaten | Ancient Egypt Documentary

Akhenaten and his queen Nefertiti attempted to upend centuries of tradition by forcing the people of Egypt to abandon their pantheon of gods in favor of worshipping a single deity, Aten. Despite being labeled a heretic and a rebel, Akhenaten forever changed the course of history! Akhenate

From playlist Ancient Biographies

Video thumbnail

Astronomy - Ch. 4: History of Astronomy (2 of 16) Ancient Structures and Astronomical Links: Egypt

Visit http://ilectureonline.com for more math and science lectures! In this video I will explain how the ancient Egyptian observed the summer solstices at the Pyramids. Next video in this series can be seen at: http://youtu.be/-OfJ5p-cXHs

From playlist ASTRONOMY 4 HISTORY OF ASTRONOMY

Video thumbnail

The First Pharaoh | Narmer | Ancient Egypt Documentary

Narmer was an ambitious Upper Egyptian king who managed to conquer Lower Egypt and declare himself the first ruler of both lands. This began Egypt's Early Dynastic Period, and laid the foundation for one of history's most extensive and long-lived civilizations, lasting over 3,000 years! N

From playlist Ancient Biographies

Video thumbnail

Mortuary Temple of Hatshepsut and Large Kneeling Statue, New Kingdom, Egypt

Mortuary Temple and Large Kneeling Statue of Hatshepsut, c. 1479-58 B.C.E., New Kingdom, Egypt. Speakers: Dr. Beth Harris and Dr. Steven Zucker. Created by Beth Harris and Steven Zucker.

From playlist Art of the ancient Mediterranean | Art History | Khan Academy

Video thumbnail

Ancient Thebes with its Necropolis (UNESCO/TBS)

Thebes, the city of the god Amon, was the capital of Egypt during the period of the Middle and New Kingdoms. With the temples and palaces at Karnak and Luxor, and the necropolises of the Valley of the Kings and the Valley of the Queens, Thebes is a striking testimony to Egyptian civilizati

From playlist Art of the ancient Mediterranean | Art History | Khan Academy

Video thumbnail

Diary Of A Pyramid Labourer // Oldest Papyrus Discovered 2550 BC "Diary of Merer" // Primary Source

Discovered in 2013 by Egyptologist Pierre Tallet and his team and called "the greatest discovery in Egypt in the 21st century", "The Diary of Merer" gives us an incredible account of the one of the processes behind the construction of the most incredible building in human history - The Gre

From playlist Ancient Tablets and Inscriptions

Video thumbnail

Explore Egypt's Great Pyramid | Wondrium Perspectives

Did you know that the Great Pyramid of Giza is the last of the Seven Wonders that still stands? Built over 4,000 years ago under the orders of the Egyptian king Khufu, it attracts tourists from all around the world and contains mysteries that scholars are still trying to solve. In this

From playlist Wondrium Perspectives

Video thumbnail

Khosrau Anushirawan - The Immortal Soul - Extra History - #3

Once the chaos settled, Khosrau enjoyed an unprecedented era of peace. He brought reform to the army and the economy, invested in a great center of learning, imported knowledge from around the world, and earned his new title of "The Immortal Soul." ---- Miss an episode in our Khosrau Anus

From playlist Extra History: Khosrau Anushirawan

Video thumbnail

What Did The Sphinx Look Like Originally? We've Recreated It For You!

Unearthed | Tuesdays at 10/9c See how the Sphinx originally appeared, and how it demonstrated the power of the pharaoh Khafre. Full Episodes Streaming FREE on SCI GO: https://www.sciencechannelgo.com/unearthed/ More Unearthed! http://www.sciencechannel.com/tv-shows/unearthed/ Subscribe t

From playlist Unearthed

Video thumbnail

Did An Ancient Mistake Cause The Sphinx's Temple To Be Out Of Alignment?

Unearthed | Tuesdays at 10/9c Clues reveal what the Sphinx Temple looked like more than 4,000 years ago, and its secret ties to the yearly equinoxes. Full Episodes Streaming FREE on SCI GO: https://www.sciencechannelgo.com/unearthed/ More Unearthed! http://www.sciencechannel.com/tv-shows/

From playlist Unearthed

Video thumbnail

Thutmose, Bust of Nefertiti

Thutmose, Model Bust of Queen Nefertiti, c. 1340 BCE, limestone and plaster, New Kingdom, 18th dynasty, Amarna Period (Egyptian Museum and Papyrus Collection/Neues Museum, Berlin). Created by Beth Harris and Steven Zucker.

From playlist Art of the ancient Mediterranean | Art History | Khan Academy

Related pages

Snefru | Key size | Key whitening | Block cipher | Feistel cipher | Key (cryptography) | S-box | Block size (cryptography) | Cryptographic hash function | PostScript | Cryptography | Impossible differential cryptanalysis | A Million Random Digits with 100,000 Normal Deviates | Boomerang attack