Key management | Public-key encryption schemes

Key encapsulation mechanism

In cryptographic protocols, a key encapsulation mechanism (KEM) is used to secure symmetric key material for transmission using asymmetric (public-key) algorithms. It is commonly used in hybrid cryptosystems. In practice, public key systems are clumsy to use in transmitting long messages. Instead they are often used to exchange symmetric keys, which are relatively short. The symmetric key is then used to encrypt the longer message.The traditional approach to sending a symmetric key with public key systems is to first generate a random symmetric key and then encrypt it using the chosen public key algorithm. The recipient then decrypts the public key message to recover the symmetric key. As the symmetric key is generally short, padding is required for full security and proofs of security for padding schemes are often less than complete. KEMs simplify the process by generating a random element in the finite group underlying the public key system and deriving the symmetric key by hashing that element, eliminating the need for padding. (Wikipedia).

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Wedge mechanism 24

Loose the screw for moving the stopper to new position and then tighten it. The stopper is kept immobile by wedge mechnism.

From playlist Mechanisms

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Ratchet mechanism 10

This mechanism is used in hand powered electric torches to convert oscillatory motion into continuous rotation. STEP files of this video: http://www.mediafire.com/file/qo3kwb01k9pen57/RatchetMechanism10STEP.zip/file Inventor files: http://www.mediafire.com/file/enoia1bi94oc668/RatchetMech

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Wedge mechanism 8

Input is the green horizontal bar. The stroke length of the blue vertical bar can be adjusted by choosing appropriate position of the red slider (altering the wedge angle of the mechanism).

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Spring toggle mechanism 9

Spring toggle mechanism enables to reach end positions of a lever quickly and holds it there firmly. The pink double crank represents action from outside.

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Toggle clamp 2d

Toggle clamp using four bar linkage. Violet conrod and green lever come into toggle by lining up on top of each other. The clamping force of an air cylinder is applied to revolution joint between the violet conrod and the green lever.

From playlist Mechanisms

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Cable drive 23

A liquid pumpjack. The 4-bar mechanism converts continuous rotation to reciprocating rotation that the cable drive converts to reciprocating translation of a pump piston. The ball valves open and close automatically due to fluid pressure alteration in the space under the piston. When the

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Device for milling Archimedean spiral groove 1

Combination of bevel gear satellite drive and nut-screw one.

From playlist Mechanisms

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Ratchet mechanism 6

This mechanism directly converts the continuous rotary motion of a drive shaft into the intermittent linear motion of a rack. STEP files of this video: http://www.mediafire.com/file/1c0iaa3teed88el/RatchetMechanism6STEP.zip Inventor files: http://www.mediafire.com/file/ujcw5wcp8nabb65/Ratc

From playlist Mechanisms

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Gear slider crank mechanism 1

The hole center on the orange lever reciprocates according the motion rule (the green closed curve) that differs from the one of a ordinary slider-crank mechanism. This mechanism is applied in wire drawing machines for guiding wire (in red) to its coil. STEP files of this video: https://

From playlist Mechanisms

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From playlist Franke Program in Science and the Humanities

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Ratchet mechanism 7

This mechanism directly converts the continuous rotary motion of a drive shaft into the intermittent linear motion of a rack. To flip the green pawl to change the motion direction of the rack without changing the input motion direction.

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Related pages

Chinese remainder theorem | Key derivation function | Finite group | Hybrid cryptosystem