Criminal Law

1. Sanctions and Penalties
   1. Purposes of Sanctions
      1. Deterrence
         1. General deterrence
         2. Specific deterrence
      2. Retribution
         1. Punishment fitting the crime
         2. Societal vengeance
      3. Rehabilitation
         1. Reforming the offender
         2. Educational and vocational training
      4. Incapacitation
         1. Protecting society by restricting offender's freedom
         2. Long-term confinement
      5. Restorative Justice
         1. Repairing harm to victims and community
         2. Mediation between victim and offender
   2. Imprisonment
      1. Types of Incarceration
         1. Minimum security prison
         2. Medium security prison
         3. Maximum security prison
         4. Supermax prison
         5. Juvenile detention centers
      2. Life sentences
         1. With the possibility of parole
         2. Without the possibility of parole
      3. Death Penalty
         1. Methods of execution
         2. Legal and ethical debates
      4. Alternatives to imprisonment
         1. House arrest
         2. Electronic monitoring
   3. Fines
      1. Determination of fines
         1. Based on crime severity
         2. Consideration of offender’s financial status
      2. Day fines
         1. Sliding scale based on income
         2. Proportional to the offender's daily wage
   4. Probation
      1. Conditions of Probation
         1. Regular check-ins with probation officer
         2. Employment requirements
         3. Restrictions on travel and association
      2. Violation consequences
         1. Revocation of probation
         2. Imprisonment
   5. Community Service
      1. Types of Community Service
         1. Environmental cleanup
         2. Service in non-profit organizations
      2. Benefits to the community
         1. Fostering social responsibility
         2. Reducing costs of penal system
   6. Restitution
      1. Calculation of restitution
         1. Compensation for monetary loss
         2. Reimbursement for medical costs
      2. Procedures for payment
         1. Payment plans
         2. Enforcement mechanisms
   7. Parole
      1. Parole review process
         1. Parole board hearings
         2. Criteria for granting parole
      2. Conditions of Parole
         1. Supervision by parole officer
         2. Mandatory therapy or counseling sessions
   8. Civil Penalties
      1. Impacts on civil rights
         1. Loss of voting rights
         2. Ineligibility for certain licenses
      2. Financial repercussions
         1. Seizure of assets
         2. Garnishment of wages