Theory of cryptography

Yao's Millionaires' problem

Yao's Millionaires' problem is a secure multi-party computation problem introduced in 1982 by computer scientist and computational theorist Andrew Yao. The problem discusses two millionaires, Alice and Bob, who are interested in knowing which of them is richer without revealing their actual wealth. This problem is analogous to a more general problem where there are two numbers and and the goal is to determine whether the inequality is true or false without revealing the actual values of and . The Millionaires' problem is an important problem in cryptography, the solution of which is used in e-commerce and data mining. Commercial applications sometimes have to compare numbers that are confidential and whose security is important. Many solutions have been introduced for the problem. The first solution, presented by Yao, is exponential in time and space. (Wikipedia).

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The Story of Chinese Character :惘

惘 is composed of the BuShou of 心(means heart or feeling, the picture of heart) and 罔(means 'nothing' or 'to deceive', the picture of a fugitive getting caught by a net). A fugitive will be dejected and disappointed if he get caught by a net.

From playlist The Story of HanZi (Chinese Characters)

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The Story of Chinese Character : 仍

仍 is composed of the BuShou of 人(man) and 乃(to be). 乃 can be seen as simplified version of 夃, depicts someone pulling a rope, which has the meaning of ‘following’ or ‘carrying on as before’, ancient Chinese also like ‘following’ or ‘carrying on as before’.

From playlist The Story of HanZi (Chinese Characters)

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The Story of Chinese Character : 氣

氣 is composed of气(gas) and米(rice). Both 气 and 氣 have the same pronunciation and similar meanings, the difference between them, is that氣 also means the essence of life, a man wants to stay alive, he needs food, and rice is the staple food in ancient China.

From playlist The Story of HanZi (Chinese Characters)

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The Story of Chinese Character : 星

星 is composed of several stars(日) and a tree(生). Ancient Chinese believed all stars were hanged on a big big tree,on the other hand, since the stars twinkle, they look alive(生).

From playlist The Story of HanZi (Chinese Characters)

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The Story of Chinese Character : 喘

喘 is composed of 口(mouth) and 耑(the picture of long hair and long beard). An elder male has long hair and long beard, old men are weak, they speak like gasp.

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The Story of Chinese Character : 留

留 is composed of 卯(two people sitting together, means settle down) and 田(a farmland). If people want to settle down in one place, they need food, farming is the best and stable way to produce food.

From playlist The Story of HanZi (Chinese Characters)

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The Story of Chinese Character :仙

仙 is composed of the BuShou of人(a man) and山(hill). A man lives among the hills in order to stay away from the earthliness, who is different from the others, so 仙 is used to describe an immortal person with super power, or fairy.

From playlist The Story of HanZi (Chinese Characters)

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The Story of Chinese Character : 低

低 is composed of 人(a man) and 氐(a bowing man who touches the ground). In the past, 氐 was used to describe someone servile, but now 氐 can be applied on everything which is low and short.

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The Story of Chinese Character : 迢

迢 is composed of the BuShou of 辵 and 召, the original form of 召 is the picture of two hands holding a spoon and taking up wine from a wine bottle to a bowl, depicts master(most likely an emperor) serving his guest(most likely the feudal barons) in ancient China, while 辵depicts a foot walkin

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From playlist Space Time!

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The Story of Chinese Character : 介

介 depicts a man standing between two walls, which has the meaning of ‘between’.

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Related pages

Complexity | Socialist millionaire problem | Oblivious transfer | Private set intersection | Least significant bit | Bit | Cryptography | Bitwise operation | Secure multi-party computation | Data mining