Distributed computing problems
In distributed computing, leader election is the process of designating a single process as the organizer of some task distributed among several computers (nodes). Before the task has begun, all network nodes are either unaware which node will serve as the "leader" (or coordinator) of the task, or unable to communicate with the current coordinator. After a leader election algorithm has been run, however, each node throughout the network recognizes a particular, unique node as the task leader. The network nodes communicate among themselves in order to decide which of them will get into the "leader" state. For that, they need some method in order to break the symmetry among them. For example, if each node has unique and comparable identities, then the nodes can compare their identities, and decide that the node with the highest identity is the leader. The definition of this problem is often attributed to LeLann, who formalized it as a method to create a new token in a token ring network in which the token has been lost. Leader election algorithms are designed to be economical in terms of total bytes transmitted, and time. The algorithm suggested by Gallager, Humblet, and Spira for general undirected graphs has had a strong impact on the design of distributed algorithms in general, and won the Dijkstra Prize for an influential paper in distributed computing. Many other algorithms have been suggested for different kinds of network graphs, such as undirected rings, unidirectional rings, complete graphs, grids, directed Euler graphs, and others. A general method that decouples the issue of the graph family from the design of the leader election algorithm was suggested by Korach, Kutten, and Moran. (Wikipedia).
From playlist Election 2016
(New Version Available) Introduction to Voting Theory and Preference Tables
Updated Version: https://youtu.be/WdtH_8lAqQo This video introduces voting theory and explains how to make a preference table from voting ballots. Site: http://mathispower4u.com
From playlist Voting Theory
Voting Theory: Approval Voting
This video explains how to apply the approval voting method to determine the winner of an election. Site: http://mathispower4u.com Content Source: http://www.opentextbookstore.com/mathinsociety/
From playlist Voting Theory
How to Abolish the Electoral College (National Popular Vote Interstate Compact)
2016 joins four other years in which the winner of the election lost the popular vote. Our democracy is meant to strive for one person, one vote, but the electoral college makes some people matter more than others, and allows less popular candidates to win. However, we can get rid of the e
From playlist Voting and Election Reform
History of the Presidential Nomination Process
In this lecture, Dr David Andersen (Durham University) sketches out the system of presidential elections in the United States and explores the historical origins of this system. We note the silence of the Constitution on the subject of presidential elections and consider how this ambiguity
From playlist Government and Politics
Who gets to be Prime Minister?
In this lecture, Dr Richard Heffernan (Open University) outlines the three essential ‘job criteria’ that every prime minister must have, namely: (i) they must be a Member of Parliament (MP); (ii) they must be the leader of a political party in the House of Commons; and (iii) they must be t
From playlist Government and Politics
Everyday leadership - Drew Dudley
We have all changed someone's life -- usually without even realizing it. In this funny talk, Drew Dudley calls on all of us to celebrate leadership as the everyday act of improving each other's lives. (Filmed at TEDxToronto.) Talk by Drew Dudley.
From playlist Become an Effective Leader
The Evolution of Presidential Politics | History Lists | History
Get a quick rundown of some things you might not know about the history of U.S. presidential elections. Newsletter: https://www.history.com/newsletter Website - http://www.history.com /posts Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/History Twitter - https://twitter.com/history HISTORY Topical
From playlist History Lists & Countdowns | HISTORY
Lecture 6: Fault Tolerance: Raft (1)
Lecture 6: Fault Tolerance: Raft (1) MIT 6.824: Distributed Systems (Spring 2020) https://pdos.csail.mit.edu/6.824/
From playlist MIT 6.824 Distributed Systems (Spring 2020)
RubyConf 2021 - Learning Ractor with Raft by Micah Gates
Ractor is a new concurrency mechanism in Ruby that unlocks great performance improvement possibilities. Its well defined sharing and messaging system makes it easier to reason about than threaded models. Raft is a distributed consensus algorithm that backs distributed data stores such as
From playlist RubyConf 2021
0080 - [ C++ ] Raft Consensus Algorithm -- Leader Election
This is #80 in my series of live (Twitch) coding streams. This stream I debugged and fixed the integration of the election portion of the Raft Consensus Algorithm (https://raft.github.io/) into my game server cluster. Notebook page: https://tinyurl.com/y7p3ug55 -- Watch live at http
From playlist Excalibur
0428 -- Rusty Raft Development
This is #428 in my series of live (Twitch) coding streams. This stream I finished coding the candidate/leader part of the Rust Consensus Algorithm election process in Rust. Notebook page: https://tinyurl.com/y4xynmw6 -- Watch live at https://www.twitch.tv/rhymu8354
From playlist Excalibur
Kate Baldwin: Hereditary Chiefs in Africa
January 22, 2014 Professor Baldwin's current research projects examine how community-level institutions interact with the national state to affect development, democracy and conflict, with a regional focus on sub-Saharan Africa. She has published articles in the American Political Science
From playlist The MacMillan Report
0083 - [ React, C++ ] !game admin console improvements
This is #83 in my series of live (Twitch) coding streams. This stream I worked more on the connection between my admin console and server cluster. The console now knows the cluster status even when connecting to a follower. I also started adding a diagnostic log display. Notebook pag
From playlist Excalibur
0251 [ C++ ] Omnia Regna -- Game server refactoring
This is #251 in my series of live (Twitch) coding streams. This stream I struggled to reduce CPU used in polling in my Raft Consensus Algorithm implementation which I use for my game. With the help of viewers, I hit upon the right technique and was able to reduce the CPU usage down to
From playlist Excalibur
General election case studies | Revision for Citizenship GCSE
GCSE Citizenship is a great GCSE to add to your grades! These grades are the stepping stone to your future, the grades you get now will open doors in the future. Find the online course for GCSE Citizenship here https://primrosekitten.org/gcse-citizenship/ from there you can download the f
From playlist AQA GCSE Citizenship
Interview: Democratic backsliding in the international environment
The original live stream of this event appeared on Facebook Live Thursday, October 1 at 2 p.m. US ET. WATCH this video detailing Hyde's recent Science review: https://youtu.be/_B7MdDcxDps Read the research (free): https://scim.ag/3lPWSFU Foreign support for democracy over the last fift
From playlist Livestreams
Math for Liberal Studies - Lecture 2.5.2 Runoff Voting
This is the second video lecture for Math for Liberal Studies Section 2.5: Miscellaneous Voting Methods. In this lecture, I discuss various kinds of runoff elections. Specifically, we discuss methods for eliminating candidates and recalculating the results to avoid having to hold a new spe
From playlist Math for Liberal Studies Lectures
Iran's 2016 elections explained
Support CaspianReport through Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/CaspianReport BAKU - Roughly 33 million Iranians cast their votes on 26th February in two crucial elections: one to elect a new parliament and the other for a top clerical body, the Assembly of Experts. These are the first ele
From playlist Geopolitics