Transaction processing | Concurrency control | Distributed algorithms
Commitment ordering (CO) is a class of interoperable serializability techniques in concurrency control of databases, transaction processing, and related applications. It allows optimistic (non-blocking) implementations. With the proliferation of multi-core processors, CO has also been increasingly utilized in concurrent programming, transactional memory, and software transactional memory (STM) to achieve serializability optimistically. CO is also the name of the resulting transaction schedule (history) property, defined in 1988 with the name dynamic atomicity. In a CO compliant schedule, the chronological order of commitment events of transactions is compatible with the precedence order of the respective transactions. CO is a broad special case of conflict serializability and effective means (reliable, high-performance, distributed, and scalable) to achieve global serializability (modular serializability) across any collection of database systems that possibly use different concurrency control mechanisms (CO also makes each system serializability compliant, if not already). Each not-CO-compliant database system is augmented with a CO component (the commitment order coordinator—COCO) which orders the commitment events for CO compliance, with neither data-access nor any other transaction operation interference. As such, CO provides a low overhead, general solution for global serializability (and distributed serializability), instrumental for global concurrency control (and distributed concurrency control) of multi-database systems and other , possibly highly distributed (e.g., within cloud computing, grid computing, and networks of smartphones). An (ACP; of any type) is a fundamental part of the solution, utilized to break global cycles in the conflict (precedence, serializability) graph. CO is the most general property (a necessary condition) that guarantees global serializability, if the database systems involved do not share concurrency control information beyond atomic commitment protocol (unmodified) messages and have no knowledge of whether transactions are global or local (the database systems are autonomous). Thus CO (with its variants) is the only general technique that does not require the typically costly distribution of local concurrency control information (e.g., local precedence relations, locks, timestamps, or tickets). It generalizes the popular strong strict two-phase locking (SS2PL) property, which in conjunction with the two-phase commit protocol (2PC), is the de facto standard to achieve global serializability across (SS2PL based) database systems. As a result, CO compliant database systems (with any different concurrency control types) can transparently join such SS2PL based solutions for global serializability. In addition, locking based global deadlocks are resolved automatically in a CO based multi-database environment, a vital side-benefit (including the special case of a completely SS2PL based environment; a previously unnoticed fact for SS2PL). Furthermore, strict commitment ordering (SCO; ), the intersection of Strictness and CO, provides better performance (shorter average transaction completion time and resulting in better transaction throughput) than SS2PL whenever read-write conflicts are present (identical blocking behavior for write-read and write-write conflicts; comparable locking overhead). The advantage of SCO is especially during lock contention. Strictness allows both SS2PL and SCO to use the same effective database recovery mechanisms. Two major generalizing variants of CO exist, extended CO (ECO; ) and multi-version CO (MVCO; ). They also provide global serializability without local concurrency control information distribution, can be combined with any relevant concurrency control, and allow optimistic (non-blocking) implementations. Both use additional information for relaxing CO constraints and achieving better concurrency and performance. Vote ordering (VO or Generalized CO (GCO); ) is a container schedule set (property) and technique for CO and all its variants. Local VO is necessary for guaranteeing global serializability if the atomic commitment protocol (ACP) participants do not share concurrency control information (have the generalized autonomy property). CO and its variants inter-operate transparently, guaranteeing global serializability and automatic global deadlock resolution together in a mixed, heterogeneous environment with different variants. (Wikipedia).
Orders on Sets: Part 1 - Partial Orders
This was recorded as supplemental material for Math 115AH at UCLA in the spring quarter of 2020. In this video, I discuss the concept and definition of a partial order.
From playlist Orders on Sets
The elements of a set can be ordered by a relation. Some relation cause proper ordering and some, partial ordering. Have a look at some examples.
From playlist Abstract algebra
#4 Limit orders as takers | Trading on Coinbase Pro - GDAX
In this video, we are going to keep talking about order types and parameters. We looked at market orders in the previous video and saw how they behave when submitted. A total of 2 configurations exist for market orders and and both of them execute as takers. Since market orders have no spe
From playlist Trading - Advanced Order Types with Coinbase
#6 Sell side stop orders | Trading on Coinbase Pro - GDAX
In this video, we are going to look at stop orders. A stop order is a market order with a stop price, and this stop price determines when the market order is submitted to the order matching engine. Like limit orders, stop orders have 2 parameters that affect their behavior. Limit orders
From playlist Trading - Advanced Order Types with Coinbase
Order of Operations - The Basics
This video introduces the order of operations and provides several examples. http://mathispower4u.yolasite.com/
From playlist Properties of Exponents
Order Types Used by Traders and Investors
Order Types Used by Traders and Investors - Market Order - Limit Orders - Stop Orders These classes are all based on the book Trading and Pricing Financial Derivatives, available on Amazon at this link. https://amzn.to/2WIoAL0 Check out our website http://www.onfinance.org/ Follow Patri
From playlist Class 1 Futures & Forwards
#8 Stop-Limit orders | Trading on Coinbase Pro - GDAX
Let's look at stop-limit orders. I will show you how to configure them and verify their maker-taker status. We will also touch on which configurations should be avoided. Stop-limit orders combine the concepts we saw with limit orders and plain stop orders. Stop-limit orders are delayed li
From playlist Trading - Advanced Order Types with Coinbase
Orders and Ordered Sets | Axiomatic Set Theory, Section 2.3
We discuss order relations on sets, and isomorphisms of ordered sets. My Twitter: https://twitter.com/KristapsBalodi3
From playlist Axiomatic Set Theory
RubyConf 2018 - Branch in Time by Tekin Suleyman
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Lecture 12: Distributed Transactions
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From playlist MIT 6.824 Distributed Systems (Spring 2020)
Lecture 13: Spanner MIT 6.824: Distributed Systems (Spring 2020) https://pdos.csail.mit.edu/6.824/
From playlist MIT 6.824 Distributed Systems (Spring 2020)
This is CS50W, CS50's Web Programming with Python and JavaScript. Register for free at https://cs50.edx.org/web. Slides and source code at https://cs50.harvard.edu/web. Playlist at https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLhQjrBD2T380xvFSUmToMMzERZ3qB5Ueu. TABLE OF CONTENTS 00:00:00 - Intr
From playlist CS50's Web Programming with Python and JavaScript (CS50W) 2020
Zero Knowledge Proofs - Seminar 8 - Completing the story of ZKSNARKS
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Lec 18 | MIT 6.033 Computer System Engineering, Spring 2005
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From playlist MIT 6.033 Computer System Engineering, Spring 2005
OSB 2015 - How to Really Get Git - Susan Tan
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Lecture 6: Fault Tolerance: Raft (1)
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From playlist MIT 6.824 Distributed Systems (Spring 2020)
RailsConf 2022 - Git your PR accepted. Rebase your changes like a pro by Daniel Magliola
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From playlist RailsConf 2022
zkSNARKs -- Recent progress and applications to blockchain protocols by Chaya Ganesh
DISCUSSION MEETING : FOUNDATIONAL ASPECTS OF BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGY ORGANIZERS : Pandu Rangan Chandrasekaran DATE : 15 to 17 January 2020 VENUE : Madhava Lecture Hall, ICTS, Bangalore Blockchain technology is among one of the most influential disruptive technologies of the current decade.
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Definition of the Order of an Element in a Group and Multiple Examples
Please Subscribe here, thank you!!! https://goo.gl/JQ8Nys Definition of the Order of an Element in a Group and Multiple Examples
From playlist Abstract Algebra