Project Management

1. Project Management Methodologies
   1. Traditional Methodologies
      1. Waterfall
         1. Phase-based approach
            1. Sequential stages: Requirements, Design, Implementation, Verification, Maintenance
            2. Importance of complete documentation at each stage
         2. Pros and cons
            1. Advantages
               1. Clear structure and deliverables
               2. Easily understandable milestones
               3. Predictable timelines
            2. Disadvantages
               1. Inflexibility to changes
               2. Potential delays if issues arise late in the process
   2. Agile Methodologies
      1. Principles and values
         1. Customer collaboration over contract negotiation
         2. Responding to change over following a plan
         3. Individuals and interactions over processes and tools
         4. Working software over comprehensive documentation
      2. Benefits of iterative, incremental delivery
         1. Faster feedback and adaptations
         2. Improved customer satisfaction through early and continuous delivery
         3. Enhanced team collaboration and communication
   3. Scrum
      1. Roles
         1. Scrum Master
            1. Facilitates team communication and efficiency
            2. Shields the team from external interruptions
         2. Product Owner
            1. Manages the product backlog
            2. Represents the stakeholders
         3. Development Team
            1. Self-organizing team members responsible for delivering increments
      2. Ceremonies
         1. Sprints
            1. Fixed time period usually between 1 to 4 weeks
            2. Goal-oriented project increments
         2. Sprint Planning
            1. Setting the sprint goal
            2. Determining sprint backlog items
         3. Daily Scrum
            1. Time-boxed daily meeting focusing on progress and impediments
         4. Sprint Review
            1. Inspecting the sprint work and adapting the product backlog if necessary
         5. Sprint Retrospective
            1. Reviewing team performance and processes for improvements
      3. Artifacts
         1. Product Backlog
            1. Dynamic list of product features and requirements
         2. Sprint Backlog
            1. Set of product backlog items selected for a sprint
         3. Increment
            1. Sum of all completed sprint backlog items
   4. Kanban
      1. Visual board usage
         1. Columns indicating process stages
         2. Cards representing tasks
      2. Continuous delivery principles
         1. Limiting work in progress (WIP) to improve flow
         2. Managing workflow to enhance efficiency
         3. Making process policies explicit to ensure clarity
   5. Lean Methodologies
      1. Waste minimization
         1. Identifying non-value-added activities and eliminating them
         2. Improving value by streamlining processes
      2. Value stream mapping
         1. Analyzing and designing the flow of materials and information
         2. Identifying bottlenecks and opportunities for improvement
   6. Hybrid Methodologies
      1. Combining traditional and agile practices
         1. Designing flexible frameworks adapting Waterfall structure with Agile iterations
         2. Customizing methodological approaches depending on project needs
         3. Balancing predictability with adaptability for complex projects
      2. Examples of hybrid varieties
         1. Agile-Waterfall hybrid approach
         2. Disciplined Agile Delivery (DAD) framework
         3. Scaled Agile Framework (SAFe)