Physical Chemistry

1. Advanced Topics
   1. Non-equilibrium Thermodynamics
      1. Introduction to Non-equilibrium Processes
         1. Definition and Examples
         2. Distinction from Equilibrium Thermodynamics
      2. Linear Non-equilibrium Thermodynamics
         1. Onsager Reciprocal Relations
         2. Phenomenological Coefficients
      3. Nonlinear Thermodynamics
         1. Far-from-equilibrium Systems
         2. Self-organization and Pattern Formation
         3. Dissipative Structures
      4. Applications
         1. Biological Systems and Processes
         2. Industrial Processes
   2. Quantum Information Theory
      1. Basic Concepts
         1. Qubits vs Classical Bits
         2. Quantum Superposition and Entanglement
      2. Quantum Cryptography
         1. Quantum Key Distribution (QKD)
         2. Security Protocols
      3. Quantum Computing
         1. Quantum Logic Gates
         2. Quantum Algorithms
      4. Applications in Chemistry
         1. Quantum Simulation of Molecular Systems
         2. Quantum Chemical Computations
   3. Quantum Entanglement in Chemistry
      1. Definition and Importance
      2. Entanglement in Molecular Systems
         1. Molecular Bipartiteness
         2. Entangled States in Chemical Reactions
      3. Measurement and Detection
         1. Entanglement Entropy
         2. Detection Methods in Chemical Labs
      4. Applications
         1. Predicting Chemical Reaction Pathways
         2. Enhancing Spectroscopic Techniques
   4. Advanced Reaction Dynamics
      1. Reaction Pathway Analysis
         1. Transition State Mapping
         2. Molecular Reaction Dynamics
      2. Statistical and Dynamical Theories
         1. Transition State Theory in Complex Systems
         2. Non-adiabatic Transition in Chemical Reactions
      3. Computational Methods
         1. Molecular Dynamics Simulations
         2. Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics
      4. Applications
         1. Design of Catalytic Processes
         2. Understanding of Reaction Mechanisms in Organic Chemistry
   5. Chemical Quantum Computing
      1. Quantum Algorithms for Chemistry
         1. Quantum Phase Estimation
         2. Variational Quantum Eigensolvers
      2. Simulation of Quantum Systems
         1. Quantum Chemistry on Quantum Computers
         2. Assessment of Chemical Properties using Quantum Mechanics
      3. Challenges and Limitations
         1. Error Correction and Quantum Noise
         2. Scalability and Computational Resource Limits
      4. Future Prospects
         1. Advances in Quantum Hardware for Chemical Applications
         2. Integration of Classical and Quantum Computational Techniques