Electromagnetism

1. Applications of Electromagnetism
   1. Electronics
      1. Capacitors
         1. Energy Storage
            1. Role in Circuits
            2. Dielectric Materials
         2. Filtering Applications
            1. AC/DC Conversion
            2. Signal Processing
         3. Use in Timing Circuits
            1. Charge and Discharge Characteristics
      2. Inductors
         1. Magnetic Energy Storage
            1. Coil and Core Design
         2. Use in Tuning Circuits
            1. Resonant Circuits
            2. LC Oscillators
         3. Filtering Applications
            1. Chokes for AC Line Filtering
            2. RF Filters
      3. Transistors
         1. Switching Applications
            1. Digital Circuits
            2. Amplifiers
         2. Signal Amplification
            1. Bipolar Junction Transistors (BJTs)
            2. Field-Effect Transistors (FETs)
         3. Role in Integrated Circuits
            1. Microprocessors
            2. Memory Devices
   2. Electromagnetic Devices
      1. Electric Motors
         1. Types of Motors
            1. AC Motors
            2. DC Motors
            3. Stepper Motors
         2. Applications
            1. Industrial Machinery
            2. Domestic Appliances
         3. Principles of Operation
            1. Electromagnetic Induction
            2. Torque Production
      2. Generators
         1. Types of Generators
            1. Synchronous Generators
            2. Asynchronous Generators
            3. Alternators
         2. Energy Conversion
            1. Mechanical to Electrical
         3. Applications
            1. Power Generation
            2. Backup Power Systems
      3. Transformers
         1. Basic Principles
            1. Electromagnetic Induction
            2. Voltage Transformation
         2. Types of Transformers
            1. Step-up and Step-down Transformers
            2. Isolation Transformers
         3. Applications
            1. Power Distribution
            2. Impedance Matching
   3. Telecommunications
      1. Radio Transmission
         1. AM and FM Radio
            1. Modulation Techniques
            2. Broadcasting Standards
         2. Satellite Communication
            1. Signal Relay
            2. Geostationary and Low Earth Orbits
      2. Fiber Optics
         1. Transmission of Light
            1. Total Internal Reflection
            2. Optical Fibers
         2. Applications
            1. High-Speed Internet
            2. Cable Television
         3. Advantages over Traditional Methods
            1. Bandwidth
            2. Signal Loss
   4. Medical Applications
      1. MRI Scans
         1. Principle of Operation
            1. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
         2. Imaging Techniques
            1. Functional MRI
            2. Magnetic Resonance Angiography
         3. Applications in Diagnostics
            1. Soft Tissue Imaging
            2. Neurological Imaging
   5. Industrial Applications
      1. Magnetic Levitation
         1. Magnetic Suspension Systems
            1. Electrodynamic Suspension
            2. Electromagnetic Suspension
         2. Applications
            1. Maglev Trains
            2. Contactless Bearings
      2. Eddy Current Testing
         1. Principle of Operation
            1. Induction of Eddy Currents
         2. Applications
            1. Non-Destructive Testing
            2. Conductivity Measurement
         3. Benefits
            1. High Sensitivity
            2. Rapid Inspection