Rates

Word error rate

Word error rate (WER) is a common metric of the performance of a speech recognition or machine translation system. The general difficulty of measuring performance lies in the fact that the recognized word sequence can have a different length from the reference word sequence (supposedly the correct one). The WER is derived from the Levenshtein distance, working at the word level instead of the phoneme level. The WER is a valuable tool for comparing different systems as well as for evaluating improvements within one system. This kind of measurement, however, provides no details on the nature of translation errors and further work is therefore required to identify the main source(s) of error and to focus any research effort. This problem is solved by first aligning the recognized word sequence with the reference (spoken) word sequence using dynamic string alignment. Examination of this issue is seen through a theory called the power law that states the correlation between perplexity and word error rate. Word error rate can then be computed as: where * S is the number of substitutions, * D is the number of deletions, * I is the number of insertions, * C is the number of correct words, * N is the number of words in the reference (N=S+D+C) The intuition behind 'deletion' and 'insertion' is how to get from the reference to the hypothesis. So if we have the reference "This is wikipedia" and hypothesis "This _ wikipedia", we call it a deletion. When reporting the performance of a speech recognition system, sometimes word accuracy (WAcc) is used instead: Note that since N is the number of words in the reference, the word error rate can be larger than 1.0, and thus, the word accuracy can be smaller than 0.0. (Wikipedia).

Video thumbnail

What Are Error Intervals? GCSE Maths Revision

What are error Intervals and how do we find them - that's the mission in this episode of GCSE Maths minis! Error Intervals appear on both foundation and higher tier GCSE maths and IGCSE maths exam papers, so this is excellent revision for everyone! DOWNLOAD THE QUESTIONS HERE: https://d

From playlist Error Intervals & Bounds GCSE Maths Revision

Video thumbnail

Word 2016: Check Spelling and Grammar

In this video, you’ll learn the basics of checking spelling and grammar in Word 2016. Visit https://www.gcflearnfree.org/word2016/checking-spelling-and-grammar/1/ for our text-based lesson. This video includes information on: • Ignoring spelling and grammar "errors" • Using automatic spel

From playlist Microsoft Word

Video thumbnail

Word 2010: Spelling and Grammar

In this video, you’ll learn more about checking spelling and grammar in Word 2010. Visit https://www.gcflearnfree.org/word2010/checking-spelling-and-grammar/1/ for our text-based lesson. This video includes information on: • Ignoring spelling and grammar "errors" • Using automatic spellin

From playlist Microsoft Word 2010

Video thumbnail

Word 2013: Spelling and Grammar

In this video, you’ll learn more about checking spelling and grammar in Word 2013. Visit https://www.gcflearnfree.org/word2013/checking-spelling-and-grammar/1/ for our text-based lesson. This video includes information on: • Ignoring spelling and grammar "errors" • Using automatic spellin

From playlist Microsoft Word 2013

Video thumbnail

Chapter 2 - Error and Percentage Error - IB Math Studies (Math SL)

Hello and welcome to What The Math. This is a Chapter 2 video about error and percentage error calculation. This is a part of Chapter 2. This is from Harris Publication version of IB math book by Haese.

From playlist IB Math Studies Chapter 2

Video thumbnail

Systematic and Random Error

Comparison of systematic and random error. Types of systematic error, including offset error and scale factor error/

From playlist Experimental Design

Video thumbnail

Statistics: Ch 7 Sample Variability (11 of 14) What is "The Standard Error of the Mean"?

Visit http://ilectureonline.com for more math and science lectures! To donate: http://www.ilectureonline.com/donate https://www.patreon.com/user?u=3236071 What is “the standard error of the mean”? It is the standard deviation (of the sampling distribution) of the sample means. Previous

From playlist STATISTICS CH 7 SAMPLE VARIABILILTY

Video thumbnail

50 Words You're Pronouncing WRONGLY Right Now! | Top 50 Mispronounced English Words, Common Mistakes

Learn the TOP 50 MISPRONOUNCED English words. These words are common mistakes made by many English learners. I will show you how to avoid these incorrect pronunciations and say all of these words correctly in this pronunciation lesson. For more FREE English lessons, SUBSCRIBE to this chan

From playlist English words you're pronouncing incorrectly (best of)

Video thumbnail

Locally testable and locally correctable codes approaching the GV bound - Shubhangi Saraf

Computer Science/Discrete Mathematics Seminar I Topic: Locally testable and locally correctable codes approaching the Gilbert-Varshamov bound Speaker: Shubhangi Sara Affiliation: Rutgers University Date: November 27, 2017 For more videos, please visit http://video.ias.edu

From playlist Mathematics

Video thumbnail

Local Correctability of Expander Codes - Brett Hemenway

Brett Hemenway University of Pennsylvania April 14, 2014 An error-correcting code is called locally decodable if there exists a decoding algorithm that can recover any symbol of the message with high probability by reading only a small number of symbols of the corrupted codeword. There is

From playlist Mathematics

Video thumbnail

Lec 15 | MIT 6.451 Principles of Digital Communication II

Trellis Representations of Binary Linear Block Codes View the complete course: http://ocw.mit.edu/6-451S05 License: Creative Commons BY-NC-SA More information at http://ocw.mit.edu/terms More courses at http://ocw.mit.edu

From playlist MIT 6.451 Principles of Digital Communication II

Video thumbnail

List decodability of randomly punctured codes - Mary Wootters

Mary Wootters University of Michigan March 24, 2014 We consider the problem of the list-decodability of error correcting codes. The well-known Johnson bound implies that any code with good distance has good list-decodability, but we do not know many structural conditions on a code which gu

From playlist Mathematics

Video thumbnail

3. Errors, channel codes

MIT 6.02 Introduction to EECS II: Digital Communication Systems, Fall 2012 View the complete course: http://ocw.mit.edu/6-02F12 Instructor: George Verghese This lecture places in context the abstraction layers in the network communication model and covers digital signaling. Metrics such a

From playlist MIT 6.02 Introduction to EECS II: Digital Communication Systems, Fall 2012

Video thumbnail

Lec 11 | MIT 6.451 Principles of Digital Communication II

Reed-Solomon Codes View the complete course: http://ocw.mit.edu/6-451S05 License: Creative Commons BY-NC-SA More information at http://ocw.mit.edu/terms More courses at http://ocw.mit.edu

From playlist MIT 6.451 Principles of Digital Communication II

Video thumbnail

Logistic Regression and the Perceptron Algorithm: A friendly introduction

Announcement: New Book by Luis Serrano! Grokking Machine Learning. bit.ly/grokkingML 40% discount code: serranoyt An introduction to logistic regression and the perceptron algorithm that requires very little math (no calculus or linear algebra), only a visual mind. 0:00 Introduction 0:08

From playlist General Machine Learning

Video thumbnail

Foundations for Learning in the Age of Big Data I - Maria Florina Balcan

2022 Program for Women and Mathematics: The Mathematics of Machine Learning Topic: Foundations for Learning in the Age of Big Data I Speaker: Maria Florina Balcan Affiliation: Carnegie Mellon University Date May 23, 2022 Balcan-2022-05-23

From playlist Mathematics

Video thumbnail

Natural Language Generation Metrics | Stanford CS224U Natural Language Understanding | Spring 2021

For more information about Stanford’s Artificial Intelligence professional and graduate programs, visit: https://stanford.io/ai To learn more about this course visit: https://online.stanford.edu/courses/cs224u-natural-language-understanding To follow along with the course schedule and s

From playlist Stanford CS224U: Natural Language Understanding | Spring 2021

Video thumbnail

Word: Check Spelling and Grammar

In this video, you’ll learn more about checking spelling and grammar in Word 2019 and Office 365. Visit https://edu.gcfglobal.org/en/word/checking-spelling-and-grammar/1/ for our text-based lesson. We hope you enjoy!

From playlist Microsoft Word

Video thumbnail

Stanford EE104: Introduction to Machine Learning | 2020 | Lecture 12 - classifiers

Professor Sanjay Lall Electrical Engineering To follow along with the course schedule and syllabus, visit: http://ee104.stanford.edu To view all online courses and programs offered by Stanford, visit: https://online.stanford.edu/ 0:00 Introduction 0:11 Categorical outputs 12:07 Applic

From playlist Stanford EE104: Introduction to Machine Learning Full Course

Related pages

Levenshtein distance | ROUGE (metric) | Edit distance