The solar neutrino problem concerned a large discrepancy between the flux of solar neutrinos as predicted from the Sun's luminosity and as measured directly. The discrepancy was first observed in the mid-1960s and was resolved around 2002. The flux of neutrinos at Earth is several tens of billions per square centimetre per second, mostly from the Sun's core. They are nevertheless hard to detect, because they interact very weakly with matter, traversing the whole Earth as light does a thin layer of air. Of the three types (flavors) of neutrinos known in the Standard Model of particle physics, the Sun produces only electron neutrinos. When neutrino detectors became sensitive enough to measure the flow of electron neutrinos from the Sun, the number detected was much lower than predicted. In various experiments, the number deficit was between one half and two thirds. Particle physicists knew that a mechanism, discussed back in 1957 by Bruno Pontecorvo, could explain the deficit in electron neutrinos. However, they hesitated to accept it for various reasons, including the fact that it required a modification of the accepted Standard Model. They first pointed at the solar model for adjustment, which was ruled out. Today it is accepted that the neutrinos produced in the Sun are not massless particles as predicted by the Standard Model but rather mixed quantum states made up of defined-mass eigenstates in different (complex) proportions. That allows a neutrino produced as a pure electron neutrino to change during propagation into a mixture of electron, muon and tau neutrinos, with a reduced probability of being detected by a detector sensitive to only electron neutrinos. Several neutrino detectors aiming at different flavors, energies, and traveled distance contributed to our present knowledge of neutrinos. In 2002 and 2015, a total of four researchers related to some of these detectors were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics. (Wikipedia).
Why I Love Neutrinos is a series spotlighting those mysterious, abundant, ghostly particles that are all around us. This installment features a compilation of international scientists. For more information on neutrinos, visit the Fermilab website at http://www.fnal.gov.
From playlist Why I Love Neutrinos
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From playlist Science Unplugged: Neutrinos
Nuclear Physics C1 The Neutrino
The neutrino and antineutrino
From playlist Physics - Nuclear Physics and Radioactivity
NOvA: Exploring Neutrino Mysteries
Neutrinos are a mystery to physicists. They exist in three different flavors and mass states and may be able to give hints about the origins of the matter-dominated universe. A new long-baseline experiment led by Fermilab called NOvA may provide some answers. There is a live feed of the f
From playlist Neutrinos
The elusive neutrino is the most difficult to detect of the particles of the standard model. However the story is more complex than that. When a neutrino actually interacts, it is easy to detect. However neutrinos interact only rarely. In this video, Fermilab’s Dr. Don Lincoln explains
From playlist Neutrinos
NOvA: Building a Next Generation Neutrino Experiment
The NOvA neutrino experiment is searching for the answers to some of the most fundamental questions of the universe. This video documents how collaboration between government research institutions like Fermilab, academia and industry can create one of the largest neutrino detectors in the
From playlist Neutrinos
Why I Love Neutrinos - Elena Gramellini
Why I Love Neutrinos is a series spotlighting those mysterious, abundant, ghostly particles that are all around us. This installment features Yale Graduate Student Elena Gramellini. For more information on neutrinos, visit the Fermilab website at http://www.fnal.gov.
From playlist Why I Love Neutrinos
Are neutrinos dark matter? | Even Bananas
Dark matter is invisible, it’s everywhere, and it doesn’t interact with matter very often. The same is true for neutrinos. So are neutrinos dark matter? Neutrino physicist Dr. Kirsty Duffy and neutrino/dark matter researcher Dr. Asher Kaboth (Royal Holloway, University of London) break dow
From playlist Neutrinos
Neutrinos: Nature's Identity Thieves?
The oscillation of neutrinos from one variety to another has long been suspected, but was confirmed only about 15 years ago. In order for these oscillations to occur, neutrinos must have a mass, no matter how slight. Since neutrinos have long been thought to be massless, in a very real w
From playlist Neutrinos
From playlist Courses and Series
The solar neutrino problem | Even Bananas 08
Throw on your shades: Today on #EvenBananas, we’re looking at particles from the sun - and how trillions of them went missing. Join Fermilab scientist Dr. Kirsty Duffy to explore how an experiment using 100,000 gallons of dry cleaning fluid a mile underground led to one of the biggest myst
From playlist Neutrinos
Neutrino Physics II - André de Gouvêa
Neutrino Physics II - André de Gouvêa Prospects in Theoretical Physics Particle Physics at the LHC and Beyond Topic: Neutrino Physics II Speaker: André de Gouvêa Date: July 19th, 2017
From playlist PiTP 2017
Christian Ott: Modeling the Death of Massive Stars
PROGRAM: NUMERICAL RELATIVITY DATES: Monday 10 Jun, 2013 - Friday 05 Jul, 2013 VENUE: ICTS-TIFR, IISc Campus, Bangalore DETAL Numerical relativity deals with solving Einstein's field equations using supercomputers. Numerical relativity is an essential tool for the accurate modeling of a wi
From playlist Numerical Relativity
Astronomy Cast Ep. 262: Solar Sails
From playlist Astronomy Cast
To learn to think like a scientist check out http://Brilliant.org/SpaceTime PBS Member Stations rely on viewers like you. To support your local station, go to: http://to.pbs.org/DonateSPACE To repeat the space time maxim: it’s never aliens … until it is. So let’s talk about ‘oumuamua.
From playlist In Search of Aliens!
5 Mysteries About The Universe We Haven't Solved
At the beginning of the 20th century, many scientists thought that we had learned all there was to know about physics. However the better we got at physics, the more mysteries we realized we had left to solve! Join Michael Aranda for a new episode of SciShow and learn about some of the uni
From playlist Uploads
Anthony Mezzacappa - Computational Challenges with Modeling Core Collapse Supernovae - IPAM at UCLA
Recorded 4 October 2021. Anthony Mezzacappa of the University of Tennessee presents "The Computational Challenges associated with Modeling Core Collapse Supernovae and their Gravitational Wave Emission" at IPAM's Workshop I: Computational Challenges in Multi-Messenger Astrophysics. Abstrac
From playlist Workshop: Computational Challenges in Multi-Messenger Astrophysics
High-energy Neutrinos from the Sun as a Discovery tool for Dark matter-electron ...by Ranjan Laha
DISCUSSION MEETING PARTICLE PHYSICS: PHENOMENA, PUZZLES, PROMISES ORGANIZERS: Amol Dighe, Rick S Gupta, Sreerup Raychaudhuri and Tuhin S Roy, Department of Theoretical Physics, TIFR, India DATE & TIME: 21 November 2022 to 23 November 2022 VENUE: Ramanujan Lecture Hall and Online While t
From playlist Particle Physics: Phenomena, Puzzles, Promises - (Edited)
The Surprisingly Dynamic...Massive Stars - Eliot Quataert
Joint IAS/Princeton University Astrophysics Colloquium Tuesday, October 27, 2015 http://www.sns.ias.edu/~seminar/colloquia.shtml In the last few years of the lives of massive stars, fusion in the core of the star produces a nuclear power that greatly exceeds the Eddington luminosity. Thi
From playlist Joint IAS/PU Astrophysics Colloquium