Proof of work (PoW) is a form of cryptographic proof in which one party (the prover) proves to others (the verifiers) that a certain amount of a specific computational effort has been expended. Verifiers can subsequently confirm this expenditure with minimal effort on their part. The concept was invented by Moni Naor and Cynthia Dwork in 1993 as a way to deter denial-of-service attacks and other service abuses such as spam on a network by requiring some work from a service requester, usually meaning processing time by a computer. The term "proof of work" was first coined and formalized in a 1999 paper by Markus Jakobsson and Ari Juels. Proof of work was later popularized by Bitcoin as a foundation for consensus in a permissionless decentralized network, in which miners compete to append blocks and mint new currency, each miner experiencing a success probability proportional to the computational effort expended. PoW and PoS (proof of stake) remain the two best known Sybil deterrence mechanisms. In the context of cryptocurrencies they are the most common mechanisms. A key feature of proof-of-work schemes is their asymmetry: the work – the computation – must be moderately hard (yet feasible) on the prover or requester side but easy to check for the verifier or service provider. This idea is also known as a CPU cost function, client puzzle, computational puzzle, or CPU pricing function. Another common feature is built-in incentive-structures that reward allocating computational capacity to the network with value in the form of money. The purpose of proof-of-work algorithms is not proving that certain work was carried out or that a computational puzzle was "solved", but deterring manipulation of data by establishing large energy and hardware-control requirements to be able to do so. Proof-of-work systems have been criticized by environmentalists for their energy consumption. (Wikipedia).
Proof: What is it, and how does it work?
From playlist The Nature of Proof
How to Prove a Function is Injective(one-to-one) Using the Definition
Please Subscribe here, thank you!!! https://goo.gl/JQ8Nys How to prove a function is injective. Injective functions are also called one-to-one functions. This is a short video focusing on the proof.
From playlist Proofs
Geometry: Ch 5 - Proofs in Geometry (5 of 58) How to Proof Proofs
Visit http://ilectureonline.com for more math and science lectures! In this video I will explain what is and how to proof proofs in geometry. Next video in this series can be seen at: https://youtu.be/xuWliQ6CHpw
From playlist GEOMETRY 5 - PROOFS IN GEOMETRY
This video explains and proves the quotient rule as seen in A Level mathematics and beyond. I do "borrow" a result that I don't prove, so this proof lacks a little rigour, but I'm hoping the trade-off is the video will be easier to understand. Introduction:
From playlist Proofs and Explanations
Last review for Introduction to Higher Mathematics (Proofs)
This lecture is on Introduction to Higher Mathematics (Proofs). For more see http://calculus123.com.
From playlist Proofs
Introduction to Common Mathematical Proof Methods
This video introduces the common methods of mathematical proofs and provides a basic example of a direct proof. mathispower4u.com
From playlist Symbolic Logic and Proofs (Discrete Math)
Introduction to Proof Methods!
The first video I've made on proof methods! I discuss what a proof is, give some general tips, show how to prove a conditional statement using the direct proof method, and use the direct proof method to do some very beginner friendly proofs! The goals of this video: 1. Help people underst
From playlist Proofs
Proof: a³ - a is always divisible by 6 (2 of 2: Proof by exhaustion)
More resources available at www.misterwootube.com
From playlist The Nature of Proof
What is Proof of Work? | Proof of Work Explained | Blockchain For Beginners | Simplilearn
This video on what is Proof-of-Work will take you through all the crucial steps towards learning Proof-of-Stake from beginners to advance. This video on Proof-of-Work or PoW will cover all the necessary concepts lying under this particular technology. This video will also give you an idea
From playlist Blockchain Tutorial Videos 🔥[2022 Updated] | Simplilearn
Proof of Work in Blockchain Explained | What Is Proof of Work? | Blockchain Tutorial | Simplilearn
This video on Proof of work in Blockchain covers all the necessary details required from basics to advance to understand what is proof of work. This video will give you an idea how this consensus mechanism work and how it plays an important role in the Blockchain Technology as well as a gi
From playlist Blockchain Tutorial Videos 🔥[2022 Updated] | Simplilearn
Proof Of Work In Blockchain | What Is Proof Of Work | Proof Of Work Explained | Simplilearn
This video on Proof-of-Work covers all the important concepts from basics to advanced. Also it covers all the information like What is Proof-of-Work, how it works in Blockchain, what are features of Proof-of-Work and what issues are faced by it. It will also help one understand how blockch
From playlist Blockchain Tutorial Videos 🔥[2022 Updated] | Simplilearn
Bitcoin Q&A: Governments vs. Proof-of-Work or Proof-of-Stake
If multiple governments collaborated, could they launch a 51% attack on Bitcoin? If all it takes to attack a proof-of-work (PoW) network is enough electricity, wouldn't you want the game theory of delegated proof-of-stake (DPoS), or a hybrid system? Could chainlocks prevent 51% attacks? C
From playlist Bitcoin Q&A
Proof-of-Work — Waste of energy or useful?
Bitcoin mining uses proof of work to determine its supply issuance. Many people believe proof of work should be replaced by proof of stake due to its energy usage. But is that really the case? There is a whole other side that believes proof of work is useful. Who is right? ₿ Donate using
From playlist Summer of Math Exposition Youtube Videos
2 - Kick-off afternoon : Georges Gonthier, Digitizing the Group Theory of the Odd Order Theorem
Georges Gonthier (Microsoft Research, Cambridge, and Microsoft INRIA Joint Center, Palaiseau): Digitizing the Group Theory of the Odd Order Theorem
From playlist T2-2014 : Semantics of proofs and certified mathematics
Talkrunde: Formalisierung der Mathematik - Wann führen Computer die Beweise?
Im Rahmen der 5. Bonner Mathenacht am 29.04.2022,, organisiert vom Hausdorff Center for Mathematics, fand eine Talkrunde zum Thema "Formalisierung der Mathematik - Wann führen Computer die Beweise?" statt. Teilnehmer*innen waren: Prof. Dr. Erika Abraham (RWTH Aachen), Prof. Dr. Peter Koep
From playlist Hausdorff Center goes public
Ultraproducts: What are they good for?
From playlist Workshop on Model Theory, Differential/Difference Algebra, and Applications
Efficient Zero Knowledge Proofs - A Modular Approach (Lecture 2) by Yuval Ishai
DISCUSSION MEETING : FOUNDATIONAL ASPECTS OF BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGY ORGANIZERS : Pandu Rangan Chandrasekaran DATE : 15 to 17 January 2020 VENUE : Madhava Lecture Hall, ICTS, Bangalore Blockchain technology is among one of the most influential disruptive technologies of the current decade.
From playlist Foundational Aspects of Blockchain Technology 2020
Haniel Barbosa - Better SMT proofs for certifying compliance and correctness - IPAM at UCLA
Recorded 14 February 2023. Haniel Barbosa of Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais in Belo Horizonte presents "Better SMT proofs for certifying compliance and correctness" at IPAM's Machine Assisted Proofs Workshop. Abstract: SMT solvers can be hard to trust, since it generally means assumi
From playlist 2023 Machine Assisted Proofs Workshop