Quantum measurement | Interpretations of quantum mechanics

Objective-collapse theory

Objective-collapse theories, also known as models of spontaneous wave function collapse or dynamical reduction models, are proposed solutions to the measurement problem in quantum mechanics. As with other theories called interpretations of quantum mechanics, they are possible explanations of why and how quantum measurements always give definite outcomes, not a superposition of them as predicted by the Schrödinger equation, and more generally how the classical world emerges from quantum theory. The fundamental idea is that the unitary evolution of the wave function describing the state of a quantum system is approximate. It works well for microscopic systems, but progressively loses its validity when the mass / complexity of the system increases. In collapse theories, the Schrödinger equation is supplemented with additional nonlinear and stochastic terms (spontaneous collapses) which localize the wave function in space. The resulting dynamics is such that for microscopic isolated systems the new terms have a negligible effect; therefore, the usual quantum properties are recovered, apart from very tiny deviations. Such deviations can potentially be detected in dedicated experiments, and efforts are increasing worldwide towards testing them. An inbuilt amplification mechanism makes sure that for macroscopic systems consisting of many particles, the collapse becomes stronger than the quantum dynamics. Then their wave function is always well-localized in space, so well-localized that it behaves, for all practical purposes, like a point moving in space according to Newton's laws. In this sense, collapse models provide a unified description of microscopic and macroscopic systems, avoiding the conceptual problems associated to measurements in quantum theory. The most well-known examples of such theories are: * Ghirardi–Rimini–Weber (GRW) model * Continuous spontaneous localization (CSL) model * Diósi–Penrose (DP) model Collapse theories stand in opposition to many-worlds interpretation theories, in that they hold that a process of wave function collapse curtails the branching of the wave function and removes unobserved behaviour. (Wikipedia).

Video thumbnail

How to Determine if Functions are Linearly Independent or Dependent using the Definition

How to Determine if Functions are Linearly Independent or Dependent using the Definition If you enjoyed this video please consider liking, sharing, and subscribing. You can also help support my channel by becoming a member https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCr7lmzIk63PZnBw3bezl-Mg/join Th

From playlist Zill DE 4.1 Preliminary Theory - Linear Equations

Video thumbnail

Jules Hedges - compositional game theory - part III

Compositional game theory is an approach to game theory that is designed to have better mathematical (loosely “algebraic” and “geometric”) properties, while also being intended as a practical setting for microeconomic modelling. It gives a graphical representation of games in which the flo

From playlist compositional game theory

Video thumbnail

Linear programming how to optimize the objective function

Learn how to solve problems using linear programming. A linear programming problem involves finding the maximum or minimum value of an equation, called the objective functions, subject to a system of inequalities, called the constraints. To solve a linear programming problem graphically,

From playlist Solve Linear Programming Problems #System

Video thumbnail

Learning how to find the maximum value of an objective function

Learn how to solve problems using linear programming. A linear programming problem involves finding the maximum or minimum value of an equation, called the objective functions, subject to a system of inequalities, called the constraints. To solve a linear programming problem graphically,

From playlist Solve Linear Programming Problems #System

Video thumbnail

Orbit stabilizer theorem

Notwithstanding the fact that I introduce the topic as the orbit stabilizer syndrome, this video takes you through the orbit stabilizer theorem. :-) It states that the number of cosets formed by the stabilizer of a group (called the index) is the same as the number of elements in the orbi

From playlist Abstract algebra

Video thumbnail

How to maximize an objective function for linear programming

Learn how to solve problems using linear programming. A linear programming problem involves finding the maximum or minimum value of an equation, called the objective functions, subject to a system of inequalities, called the constraints. To solve a linear programming problem graphically,

From playlist Solve Linear Programming Problems #System

Video thumbnail

Ex: Find the Maximum of an Objective Function Given Constraints Using Linear Programming (bounded)

This video explains how to find the max of an objective function given constraints. The feasible region is bounded. Site: http://mathispower4u.com

From playlist Linear Programming

Video thumbnail

Jules Hedges - compositional game theory - part I

Compositional game theory is an approach to game theory that is designed to have better mathematical (loosely “algebraic” and “geometric”) properties, while also being intended as a practical setting for microeconomic modelling. It gives a graphical representation of games in which the flo

From playlist compositional game theory

Video thumbnail

Foldable Polyhedron 2

Delta-Star is a polyhedral object which I invented in 1996. The type of Delta-Star corresponds to Deltahedrons. It expands and shrinks.

From playlist Handmade geometric toys

Video thumbnail

Quantum Physics – list of Philosophical Interpretations

Explanation of the various interpretations of Quantum Mechanics. My Patreon page is at https://www.patreon.com/EugeneK 00:00 Introduction 00:29 Copenhagen Interpretation 02:08 Objective Collapse 04:41 EPR Paradox 06:11 Retro-Causality 07:28 Transactional Interpretation 10:25 Super-Determ

From playlist Physics

Video thumbnail

The measurement problem and some mild solutions by Dustin Lazarovici (Lecture - 02)

21 November 2016 to 10 December 2016 VENUE Ramanujan Lecture Hall, ICTS Bangalore Quantum Theory has passed all experimental tests, with impressive accuracy. It applies to light and matter from the smallest scales so far explored, up to the mesoscopic scale. It is also a necessary ingredie

From playlist Fundamental Problems of Quantum Physics

Video thumbnail

Sir Roger Penrose on Consciousness and New Physics (Part 3) | Closer To Truth Chats

Sir Roger Penrose joins Closer To Truth to discuss consciousness and new physics. Can the known laws of physics explain consciousness? Can the mind be duplicated by a computer? What is the argument against Strong A.I.? What is consciousness and how does it relate to Penrose's Search for a

From playlist Closer To Truth Chats

Video thumbnail

What Einstein Actually Thought of Quantum Mechanics - "God Does Not Play Dice" EXPLAINED by Parth G

Did Einstein really say "God Does Not Play Dice" when referring to quantum mechanics? And what did he actually mean by it? Did he hate quantum mechanics, or believe in God? In this video we will look at Albert Einstein's actual quote about quantum mechanics and understand his discomfort w

From playlist Quantum Physics by Parth G

Video thumbnail

Thibaut Damour - Énigmatiques Trous Noirs

Conférence organisée par les Amis de l'IHES le 7 novembre 2019 On passera en revue ce que l’on sait sur les Trous Noirs : l’histoire de leur découverte comme étranges objets conceptuels de la théorie d’Einstein; leur définition et leurs propriétés; la lente réalisation de leur nécessaire

From playlist Évenements grand public

Video thumbnail

Collapse models and spacetime symmetries by Daniel Bedingham

21 November 2016 to 10 December 2016 VENUE Ramanujan Lecture Hall, ICTS Bangalore Quantum Theory has passed all experimental tests, with impressive accuracy. It applies to light and matter from the smallest scales so far explored, up to the mesoscopic scale. It is also a necessary ingredie

From playlist Fundamental Problems of Quantum Physics

Video thumbnail

Black Holes and the Reversibility of Time by Suvrat Raju

URL: https://www.icts.res.in/lectures/bhrt17 Date & Time 12 April 2017, 18:00 to 19:00 Venue National College, Bengaluru A central tenet of physics is that time evolution is reversible. Given the complete state of a system at any point of time, one can predict both its future and its p

From playlist Einstein Lectures

Video thumbnail

Black Holes, Quantum Mechanics and the Reversibility of Time by Suvrat Raju

Kaapi with Kuriosity Black Holes, Quantum Mechanics and the Reversibility of Time Speaker: Suvrat Raju (International Centre for Theoretical Sciences) When: 4:00 pm to 5:30 pm Saturday, 14 January 2023 Where: Jawaharlal Nehru Planetarium, Bengaluru Abstract: Black Holes are enigm

From playlist Kaapi With Kuriosity (A Monthly Public Lecture Series)

Video thumbnail

Quantum Reality via Late Time Photodetection by Adrian Kent

21 November 2016 to 10 December 2016 VENUE Ramanujan Lecture Hall, ICTS Bangalore Quantum Theory has passed all experimental tests, with impressive accuracy. It applies to light and matter from the smallest scales so far explored, up to the mesoscopic scale. It is also a necessary ingredie

From playlist Fundamental Problems of Quantum Physics

Video thumbnail

The Interpretations of Quantum Mechanics

An introduction to the Interpretations of Quantum Mechanics. The first 500 people to sign up via my link will get two FREE months of Skillshare Premium: https://skl.sh/domainofscience The interpretations of quantum physics are a collection of attempts of many physicists to try and make qua

From playlist The Map of Quantum Physics Expanded

Video thumbnail

What is Reductionism?

There are two different types of reductionism. One is called methodological reductionism, the other one theory reductionism. Methodological reductionism is about the properties of the real world. It’s about taking things apart into smaller things and finding that the smaller things determ

From playlist Philosophy of Science

Related pages

EPR paradox | Quantum Zeno effect | White noise | Schrödinger equation | Continuous spontaneous localization model | Measurement problem | Diósi–Penrose model | Brownian motion | Many-worlds interpretation | Ghirardi–Rimini–Weber theory | Interpretations of quantum mechanics | Wave function collapse | Born rule | Poisson point process | Coherence (physics) | Philosophy of information | Lorentz covariance | Quantum entanglement | Measurement in quantum mechanics | Quantum information | Conservation of energy | Quantum decoherence