Mycoplasma laboratorium or Synthia refers to a synthetic strain of bacterium. The project to build the new bacterium has evolved since its inception. Initially the goal was to identify a minimal set of genes that are required to sustain life from the genome of Mycoplasma genitalium, and rebuild these genes synthetically to create a "new" organism. Mycoplasma genitalium was originally chosen as the basis for this project because at the time it had the smallest number of genes of all organisms analyzed. Later, the focus switched to Mycoplasma mycoides and took a more trial-and-error approach. To identify the minimal genes required for life, each of the 482 genes of M. genitalium was individually deleted and the viability of the resulting mutants was tested. This resulted in the identification of a minimal set of 382 genes that theoretically should represent a minimal genome. In 2008 the full set of M. genitalium genes was constructed in the laboratory with watermarks added to identify the genes as synthetic. However M. genitalium grows extremely slowly and M. mycoides was chosen as the new focus to accelerate experiments aimed at determining the set of genes actually needed for growth. In 2010, the complete genome of M. mycoides was successfully synthesized from a computer record and transplanted into an existing cell of Mycoplasma capricolum that had had its DNA removed. It is estimated that the synthetic genome used for this project cost US$40 million and 200 man-years to produce. The new bacterium was able to grow and was named JCVI-syn1.0, or Synthia. After additional experimentation to identify a smaller set of genes that could produce a functional organism, JCVI-syn3.0 was produced, containing 473 genes. 149 of these genes are of unknown function. Since the genome of JCVI-syn3.0 is novel, it is considered the first truly synthetic organism. (Wikipedia).
Identify the Level of Measurement MyMathlab Statistics Homework
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From playlist Statistics
Scientists are working on creating organisms with designer genomes -- and someday, we might end up with bacteria manufacturing our jet fuel. Hosted by: Hank Green ---------- Dooblydoo thanks go to the following Patreon supporters -- we couldn't make SciShow without them! Shout out to Just
From playlist SciShow Dose
Pneumonia vs. pneumonitis | Respiratory system diseases | NCLEX-RN | Khan Academy
Pulmonary abscesses occur when part of the lung tissue dies (caused by damage or infection) and gets trapped in a layer of hard tissue in the lung. Learn what causes abscesses, how they are diagnosed, and how health professionals treat them. Created by Jannah George. Watch the next lesson
From playlist Respiratory system diseases | NCLEX-RN | Khan Academy
TEDxCaltech - J. Craig Venter - Future Biology
J. Craig Venter is a biologist most known for his contributions, in 2001, of sequencing the first draft human genome and in 2007 for the first complete diploid human genome. In 2010 he and his team announced success in constructing the first synthetic bacterial cell. His present work focu
From playlist TEDxCaltech - 1/14/11
Expand log_b(x^3*z) using the Product and Power Rule for Logarithms MyMathlab
Expand log_b(x^3*z) using the Product and Power Rule for Logarithms MyMathlab Please Subscribe here, thank you!!! https://goo.gl/JQ8Nys #mathsorcerer
From playlist College Algebra MyMathlab Homework Problems
2A. Intro 2: Biological Side of Computational Biology. Comparative Genomics, Models & A...
MIT HST.508 Genomics and Computational Biology, Fall 2002 Instructor: George Church View the complete course: https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/hst-508-genomics-and-computational-biology-fall-2002/ YouTube Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLUl4u3cNGP61gaHWysmlYNeGsuUI8y5GV How pu
From playlist HST.508 Genomics and Computational Biology, Fall 2002
Open Intervals on which the Function is Increasing, Decreasing or Constant MyMathlab
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From playlist College Algebra MyMathlab Homework Problems
Synthetic Life & The Science of E-Cigs
Welcome back to SciShow News. We are working on creating organisms with a minimal genome to sustain life as well as researching what and how much we inhale with e-cigs. Hosted by: Michael Aranda ---------- Support SciShow by becoming a patron on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/scishow --
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Find the product (-3 + i)(-3 - i) College Algebra MyMathlab Homework
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Computing Logarithmic Values log_2(1/2) MyMathlab
Computing Logarithmic Values log_2(1/2) MyMathlab Please Subscribe here, thank you!!! https://goo.gl/JQ8Nys
From playlist College Algebra MyMathlab Homework Problems
Solving a logarithm with a fraction
👉 Learn how to solve logarithmic equations. Logarithmic equations are equations with logarithms in them. To solve a logarithmic equation, we first isolate the logarithm part of the equation. After we have isolated the logarithm part of the equation, we then get rid of the logarithm. This i
From playlist Solve Logarithmic Equations
21st Century Bacterial Pneumonia: Old Habits and New Approaches
July 25, 2007 presentation by Norman Rizk for the Stanford School of Medicine Medcast lecture series. Pneumonia occurs when a person's lungs become inflamed and filled with fluid as a result of infection by bacteria, viruses or fungi. Though treatment protocols have significantly advan
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Find the Intervals where the Function is Increasing and Decreasing from the Graph MyMathlab
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From playlist College Algebra MyMathlab Homework Problems
Determine if x + 8 = y^2 is a Function of x College Algebra MyMathlab Homework
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From playlist College Algebra MyMathlab Homework Problems
Condense a logarithmic expression with product and quotient
👉 Learn how to condense logarithmic expressions. A logarithmic expression is an expression having logarithms in it. To condense logarithmic expressions means to use the logarithm laws to reduce logarithm expressions from the expanded form to a condensed form. Knowledge of the logarithm law
From playlist Condense Logarithms | Hard
Dry Water: Experiments With Perfluoro (2-Methyl-3-Pentanone)
This is Perfluoro (2-methyl-3-pentanone) also known as dry water or novec 1230 and I will show you experiments with it. It is nonconductive and a poor solvent and is thus used to protect server rooms or even for liquid cooling (Imagine putting a computer into an aquarium filled with this l
From playlist Organic Chemistry
Experiments With A Dangerous Silver Salt: Silver Nitrate
Today we will do a few experiments with the dangerous silver salt silver nitrate. We made a silver tree using silver nitrate solution, I showed you what a silver stain on your arm looks like and the reaction of silver nitrate with chromate. We even coated a glass bottle in real silver. Ge
From playlist Organic Chemistry
Making Chloral, a Precursor to Pharmaceuticals and Pesticides #100
In this video we are going to make chloral. Chloral is a precursor to many pharmaceuticals like chloral hydrate (which we ironically made our chloral from) and for many pesticides. In a future video I will also show you how to make chloral hydrate from scratch. If you want to see that make
From playlist Organic Chemistry
Convert the Logarithmic Equation 2 = log_b(49) into Exponential Form MyMathlab
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From playlist College Algebra MyMathlab Homework Problems