Ratios

Mass-to-light ratio

In astrophysics and physical cosmology the mass-to-light ratio, normally designated with the Greek letter upsilon, ϒ, is the quotient between the total mass of a spatial volume (typically on the scales of a galaxy or a cluster) and its luminosity. These ratios are often reported using the value calculated for the Sun as a baseline ratio which is a constant ϒ☉ = 5133 kg/W: equal to the solar mass M☉ divided by the solar luminosity L☉, M☉/L☉. The mass-to-light ratios of galaxies and clusters are all much greater than ϒ☉ due in part to the fact that most of the matter in these objects does not reside within stars and observations suggest that a large fraction is present in the form of dark matter. Luminosities are obtained from photometric observations, correcting the observed brightness of the object for the distance dimming and extinction effects. In general, unless a complete spectrum of the radiation emitted by the object is obtained, a model must be extrapolated through either power law or blackbody fits. The luminosity thus obtained is known as the bolometric luminosity. Masses are often calculated from the dynamics of the virialized system or from gravitational lensing. Typical mass-to-light ratios for galaxies range from 2 to 10 ϒ☉ while on the largest scales, the mass to light ratio of the observable universe is approximately 100 ϒ☉, in concordance with the current best fit cosmological model. (Wikipedia).

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Teach Astronomy - Cosmic Mass to Light Ratio

http://www.teachastronomy.com/ Another way to look at the mass density of the universe is in terms of the cosmic mass to light ratio. Mass to light ratio is defined as the ratio of the mass, in solar units, to the luminosity, in solar units, so for the Sun by definition M over L is one.

From playlist 23. The Big Bang, Inflation, and General Cosmology 2

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http://www.teachastronomy.com/ Astronomers characterize galaxies by their mass to light ratio or mass to luminosity ratio. This is given in units of the Sun's mass and luminosity where by definition the Sun has M divided by L of one. Galaxies however are composite stellar systems consist

From playlist 19. Galaxies 2

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http://www.teachastronomy.com/ The mass to light ratio of a galaxy is a good way of characterizing its mean age. We can see this with examples from individual stars. A star a hundred times the mass of the Sun, a short-lived, hot, luminous, blue star, has a mass to light ratio of ten to t

From playlist 19. Galaxies 2

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From playlist Physics

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From playlist PHYSICS 18 GRAVITY

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