Fractals | Dimension theory | Metric geometry

Frostman lemma

In mathematics, and more specifically, in the theory of fractal dimensions, Frostman's lemma provides a convenient tool for estimating the Hausdorff dimension of sets. Lemma: Let A be a Borel subset of Rn, and let s > 0. Then the following are equivalent: * Hs(A) > 0, where Hs denotes the s-dimensional Hausdorff measure. * There is an (unsigned) Borel measure μ satisfying μ(A) > 0, and such thatholds for all x ∈ Rn and r>0. Otto Frostman proved this lemma for closed sets A as part of his PhD dissertation at Lund University in 1935. The generalization to Borel sets is more involved, and requires the theory of Suslin sets. A useful corollary of Frostman's lemma requires the notions of the s-capacity of a Borel set A ⊂ Rn, which is defined by (Here, we take inf ∅ = ∞ and 1⁄∞ = 0. As before, the measure is unsigned.) It follows from Frostman's lemma that for Borel A ⊂ Rn (Wikipedia).

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Related pages

Hausdorff dimension | Mathematics | Otto Frostman | Fractal dimension | Hausdorff measure | Borel measure