Freezing-point depression is a drop in the minimum temperature at which a substance freezes, caused when a smaller amount of another, non-volatile substance is added. Examples include adding salt into water (used in ice cream makers and for de-icing roads), alcohol in water, ethylene or propylene glycol in water (used in antifreeze in cars), adding copper to molten silver (used to make solder that flows at a lower temperature than the silver pieces being joined), or the mixing of two solids such as impurities into a finely powdered drug. In all cases, the substance added/present in smaller amounts is considered the solute, while the original substance present in larger quantity is thought of as the solvent. The resulting liquid solution or solid-solid mixture has a lower freezing point than the pure solvent or solid because the chemical potential of the solvent in the mixture is lower than that of the pure solvent, the difference between the two being proportional to the natural logarithm of the mole fraction. In a similar manner, the chemical potential of the vapor above the solution is lower than that above a pure solvent, which results in boiling-point elevation. Freezing-point depression is what causes sea water (a mixture of salt and other compounds in water) to remain liquid at temperatures below 0 °C (32 °F), the freezing point of pure water. (Wikipedia).
Making YOU the Scientist: Freezing Point Depression and Phase Changes
This lab activity explores two important science concepts: freezing point depression and phase changes. The freezing point of water is zero degrees celsius. In the first part of the activity you will lower the freezing point of water to below zero degrees celsius using ordinary table salt
From playlist Making You the Scientist
Physics - Thermodynamics: (3 of 8) Freezing Point Of Water
Visit http://ilectureonline.com for more math and science lectures! In this video I will explain and show you how to calculate the freezing point of water (ice) through pressure.
From playlist PHYSICS 25 THERMODYNAMICS AND WATER
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From playlist Chemistry
FREEZING POINT - a quick definition
A quick definition of the freezing point. Chem Fairy: Louise McCartney Director: Michael Harrison Written and Produced by Kimberly Hatch Harrison ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦ Ways to support our channel: ► Join our Patreon : https://www.patreon.com/socratica ► Make a one-time PayPal donation: https://w
From playlist Chemistry glossary
Chemistry - Solutions (41 of 53) Colligative Properties- Boiling & Freezing Pt. Change Table
Visit http://ilectureonline.com for more math and science lectures! In this video I will explain the boiling and freezing point change table.
From playlist CHEMISTRY 19 SOLUTIONS
The scariest climate science paper I've ever read?
Learn more about how the natural world works with Brilliant: https://www.brilliant.org/simonclark This month a paper came out that honestly chilled me. It was about tipping points in climate - a well-known concept that the climate can change abruptly if certain conditions are met in certa
From playlist Science videos
Colligative Properties - Boiling Point Elevation, Freezing Point Depression & Osmotic Pressure
This chemistry video tutorial provides a basic introduction into colligative properties such as boiling point elevation, freezing point depression, osmotic pressure, and vapor pressure. It explains how to calculate the boiling point and freezing point of a solution as well as how to calcu
From playlist New AP & General Chemistry Video Playlist
Lec 35 | MIT 3.091 Introduction to Solid State Chemistry
Wrap-up: Closing Remarks about the Course Student Course Evaluations View the complete course at: http://ocw.mit.edu/3-091F04 License: Creative Commons BY-NC-SA More information at http://ocw.mit.edu/terms More courses at http://ocw.mit.edu
From playlist MIT 3.091 Introduction to Solid State Chemistry, Fall 2004
Lec 35 | MIT 3.091SC Introduction to Solid State Chemistry, Fall 2010
Lecture 35: Binary Phase Diagrams: Limited Solubility Instructor: Donald Sadoway View the complete course: http://ocw.mit.edu/3-091SCF10 License: Creative Commons BY-NC-SA More information at http://ocw.mit.edu/terms More courses at http://ocw.mit.edu
From playlist MIT 3.091SC Introduction to Solid State Chemistry, Fall 2010
Bending Solid Mercury: It Cries!
I freeze some liquid mercury metal in liquid nitrogen and then do a quick test of its physical properties.
From playlist Mercury Vids
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From playlist Chemistry
General Chemistry: Lec 7. Solutions and Colligative Properties
UCI Chem 1B General Chemistry (Spring 2012) Lec 07. General Chemistry -- Solutions and Colligative Properties -- View the complete course: http://ocw.uci.edu/courses/chem_1b_general_chemistry.html Instructor: A.J. Shaka. Ph.D. License: Creative Commons BY-NC-SA Terms of Use: http://ocw.
From playlist Chemistry 1B: General Chemistry
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From playlist Physics
Chemistry - Solutions (26 of 53) Colligative (Collective) Properties
Visit http://ilectureonline.com for more math and science lectures! In this video I will explain the effects of vapor pressure when mixing solutes and solvents.
From playlist CHEMISTRY 19 SOLUTIONS
General Chemistry: Lec. 13. "Clean Natural Gases" & More Review Problems
UCI Chem 1B General Chemistry (Spring 2012) Lec 13. General Chemistry Intermolecular Forces -- Clean Natural Gases -- View the complete course: http://ocw.uci.edu/courses/chem_1b_general_chemistry.html Instructor: Athan J. Shaka. Ph.D. License: Creative Commons BY-NC-SA Terms of Use: http
From playlist Chemistry 1B: General Chemistry
Molality and Colligative Properties
Solute particles interfere with the physical processes a solution may undergo. These are known as the colligative processes of a solution. Ever wonder why we put salt on icy streets? Find out here! Watch the whole General Chemistry playlist: http://bit.ly/ProfDaveGenChem More AP Chemistr
From playlist General Chemistry
Lec 23 | MIT 5.60 Thermodynamics & Kinetics, Spring 2008
Lecture 23: Colligative properties. View the complete course at: http://ocw.mit.edu/5-60S08 License: Creative Commons BY-NC-SA More information at http://ocw.mit.edu/terms More courses at http://ocw.mit.edu
From playlist MIT 5.60 Thermodynamics & Kinetics, Spring 2008
Can Temperatures Go Below Absolute Zero?
Absolute zero: the coldest anything can ever get. To reach this temperature, all motion in the system must completely stop, something which is impossible according to quantum mechanics. So, if we can never hope to even reach absolute zero, it would seem that it is ridiculous to even consid
From playlist Thermal Physics/Statistical Physics