Disparate impact in United States labor law refers to practices in employment, housing, and other areas that adversely affect one group of people of a protected characteristic more than another, even though rules applied by employers or landlords are formally neutral. Although the protected classes vary by statute, most federal civil rights laws consider race, color, religion, national origin, and sex to be protected characteristics, and some laws include disability status and other traits as well. A violation of Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act may be proven by showing that an employment practice or policy has a disproportionately adverse effect on members of the protected class as compared with non-members of the protected class. Therefore, the disparate impact theory under Title VII prohibits employers "from using a facially neutral employment practice that has an unjustified adverse impact on members of a protected class. A facially neutral employment practice is one that does not appear to be discriminatory on its face; rather it is one that is discriminatory in its application or effect." Where a disparate impact is shown, the plaintiff can prevail without the necessity of showing intentional discrimination unless the defendant employer demonstrates that the practice or policy in question has a demonstrable relationship to the requirements of the job in question. This is the "business necessity" defense. In addition to Title VII, other federal laws also have disparate impact provisions, including the Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967. Some civil rights laws, such as Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, do not contain disparate impact provisions creating a private right of action, although the federal government may still pursue disparate impact claims under these laws. The U.S. Supreme Court has held that the Fair Housing Act of 1968 creates a cause of action for disparate impact. Disparate impact contrasts with disparate treatment. A disparate impact does not require a showing of intention, whereas a disparate treatment is an intentional decision to treat people differently based on their race or other protected characteristics. (Wikipedia).
How a small difference leads to a large disparity (DISPARITIES ep. 1)
Series : Disparities - Why they're everywhere, why they shouldn't matter as much as they do Episode 1 : The snowball effect at the extremes. How a small group difference on a measure leads to a large disparity in any field that selects for that measure. FRENCH VERSION / VERSION FRANCAISE
From playlist Summer of Math Exposition Youtube Videos
Physics - Optics: Single Slit Diffraction (6 of 15) What Causes Intensity Diffraction Patterns?
Visit http://ilectureonline.com for more math and science lectures! In this video I will conceptually explain the intensity cause by diffraction patterns. Next video in series: http://youtu.be/OuaPzAN67fw
From playlist PHYSICS 61 DIFFRACTION OF LIGHT
Review of Multiplicative Inverses
In this video we connect and review the ideas of multiplicative inverses and reciprocals
From playlist Middle School This Year
Physics - Optics: Single Slit Diffraction (12 of 15) Intensity=? Caused by Interference & Diffract
Visit http://ilectureonline.com for more math and science lectures! In this video I will find the general equation for intensity caused by the interference and diffraction. Next video in series: http://youtu.be/34yU0aqjPR8
From playlist PHYSICS 61 DIFFRACTION OF LIGHT
Light and Optics 7_14 Thin Film Interference
The interefernce caused by reflection with a thin film.
From playlist Physics - Light and Optics
The impact of Globalization on Faiths
Tony Blair responds to a student asking about the impact Globalization has on Faiths. If Globalization brings people together with shared commerce and shared ventures, does it also facilitate tolerance and augment religions?
From playlist Faith and Globalization
Enjoying the lectures? Come join Prof. Ayres' on Coursera! Enrolling in his course will allow you to join in discussions with fellow learners, take assessments on the material, and earn a certificate! Link - https://www.coursera.org/learn/law-student Whether you are an advanced law studen
From playlist A Law Student's Toolkit
Fairness in Algorithmic Decision Making: Classification and Beyond by Abhijnan Chakraborty
DISCUSSION MEETING THE THEORETICAL BASIS OF MACHINE LEARNING (ML) ORGANIZERS: Chiranjib Bhattacharya, Sunita Sarawagi, Ravi Sundaram and SVN Vishwanathan DATE : 27 December 2018 to 29 December 2018 VENUE : Ramanujan Lecture Hall, ICTS, Bangalore ML (Machine Learning) has enjoyed tr
From playlist The Theoretical Basis of Machine Learning 2018 (ML)
Stanford Seminar - Bridging AI & HCI: Incorporating Human Values into the Development of AI Tech
Haiyi Zhu of CMU HCII November 4, 2022 Bridging AI and HCI: Incorporating Human Values into the Development of AI Technologies The increasing accuracy and falling costs of AI have stimulated the increased use of AI technologies in mainstream user-facing applications and services. However,
From playlist Stanford Seminars
The impact of income gaps on children’s health
Subscribe to Stanford Engineering's The Future of Everything podcast: https://the-future-of-everything-stanford-engineering.simplecast.com/ A pediatrics professor explains how COVID-19 put a spotlight on how income disparities affect health — and how innovations in telehealth might help o
From playlist The Future of Everything
Physics - Diffraction of Light (2 of 4) The Diffraction Grating
Visit http://ilectureonline.com for more math and science lectures! In this video I will show you how to find the diffraction angle for a 2000slits/cm diffraction grating.
From playlist PHYSICS - OPTICS
AlterConf Portland 2015 - Visualizing Disparity by Kamilah Jenkins
http://visualizingdisparity.com is more than a capstone project. It is a visualization tool that showcases disparity between racial and economic majority and minority groups in the US. Completed during my final month of in-class learning at Ada Developers Academy, this project uses D3's vi
From playlist AlterConf Portland 2015
Stanford Talk: Inequality in Healthcare, AI & Data Science to Reduce Inequality - Improve Healthcare
For more information about Stanford's Artificial Intelligence professional and graduate programs visit: https://stanford.io/ai Trying (and often failing) to make people's lives better with AI. Emma Pierson Assistant Professor, Computer Science, Jacobs Technion-Cornell Institute at Cornel
From playlist Stanford CS221: Artificial Intelligence: Principles and Techniques | Autumn 2021
Alterconf Portland 2015 - Visualizing Disparity by Kamilah Jenkins
http://visualizingdisparity.com is more than a capstone project. It is a visualization tool that showcases disparity between racial and economic majority and minority groups in the US. Completed during my final month of in-class learning at Ada Developers Academy, this project uses D3's vi
From playlist alterconf Portland 2015
Mitigating Racial Disparities with Data Science
Read more: https://stanford.io/3blK073 Data science takes on racial bias Amid a wrenching nationwide conversation on race and policing, a panel of expert data scientists asks, “Are our algorithms racially biased?” Their answer is, not surprisingly, yes. More importantly, however, they di
From playlist Engineering For All
Light and Optics 7_13 Thin Film Interference
Interefernce caused by reflection from thin films.
From playlist Physics - Light and Optics
Virtual Fireside Chat on Health Equity and Precision & Population Health | March 2021
On Monday, March 22, 2021, Professor Melissa Bondy, Chair of Stanford's Department of Epidemiology & Population Health and Co-Director of Population Health Sciences, joined Stanford School of Medicine Dean Lloyd Minor for a Virtual Fireside Chat on Health Equity and Precision & Population
From playlist Stanford Population Health Sciences
Physics - Optics: Single Slit Diffraction (8 of 15) Intensity=? General Case
Visit http://ilectureonline.com for more math and science lectures! In this video I will calculates the intensity (anywhere) in general caused by the diffraction. Next video in series: http://youtu.be/PpYCIyKJAWM
From playlist PHYSICS 61 DIFFRACTION OF LIGHT
Health Disparities Research and Practice in a Changing Political Context
Health Disparities Research and Practice in a Changing Political Context: Hosted by Health and Justice Advocates at UCI SEMINAR ABSTRACT The results of the 2016 US presidential election have presented many changes and challenges for health disparities researchers, practitioners and schola
From playlist Public Health: Collections
Why Are Prejudice and Conflict So Common? | Understanding the Mysteries of Human Behavior
It's no wonder discrimination seems to be everywhere: splitting people into two groups, even at random, makes them subconsciously dislike each other. A sense of competition can exaggerate these feelings. Pick up your tools; we've got some bridge building to do. Presented by Mark Leary Lea
From playlist Latest Uploads