In set theory, the critical point of an elementary embedding of a transitive class into another transitive class is the smallest ordinal which is not mapped to itself. Suppose that is an elementary embedding where and are transitive classes and is definable in by a formula of set theory with parameters from . Then must take ordinals to ordinals and must be strictly increasing. Also . If for all and , then is said to be the critical point of . If is V, then (the critical point of ) is always a measurable cardinal, i.e. an uncountable cardinal number κ such that there exists a -complete, non-principal ultrafilter over . Specifically, one may take the filter to be . Generally, there will be many other <κ-complete, non-principal ultrafilters over . However, might be different from the ultrapower(s) arising from such filter(s). If and are the same and is the identity function on , then is called "trivial". If the transitive class is an inner model of ZFC and has no critical point, i.e. every ordinal maps to itself, then is trivial. (Wikipedia).
Introduction to Set Theory (Discrete Mathematics)
Introduction to Set Theory (Discrete Mathematics) This is a basic introduction to set theory starting from the very beginning. This is typically found near the beginning of a discrete mathematics course in college or at the beginning of other advanced mathematics courses. ***************
From playlist Set Theory
How to find + classify critical points of functions
Download the free PDF http://tinyurl.com/EngMathYT This video shows how to calculate and classify the critical points of functions of two variables. The ideas involve first and second order derivatives and are seen in university mathematics.
From playlist Several Variable Calculus / Vector Calculus
How to find and classify critical points of functions
Download the free PDF from http://tinyurl.com/EngMathYT This video shows how to calculate and classify the critical points of functions of two variables. The ideas involve first and second order derivatives and are seen in university mathematics.
From playlist Mathematics for Finance & Actuarial Studies 2
Finding critical points of functions
Download the free PDF http://tinyurl.com/EngMathYT This is an example illustrating how to find and classify the critical points of functions of two variables. Such ideas rely on the second derivative test and are seen in university mathematics.
From playlist Several Variable Calculus / Vector Calculus
Introduction to sets || Set theory Overview - Part 2
A set is the mathematical model for a collection of different things; a set contains elements or members, which can be mathematical objects of any kind: numbers, symbols, points in space, lines, other geometrical shapes, variables, or even other #sets. The #set with no element is the empty
From playlist Set Theory
From playlist Applications of Calculus
Introduction to sets || Set theory Overview - Part 1
A set is the mathematical model for a collection of different things; a set contains elements or members, which can be mathematical objects of any kind: numbers, symbols, points in space, lines, other geometrical shapes, variables, or even other #sets. The #set with no element is the empty
From playlist Set Theory
Set Theory 1.1 : Axioms of Set Theory
In this video, I introduce the axioms of set theory and Russel's Paradox. Email : fematikaqna@gmail.com Code : https://github.com/Fematika/Animations Notes : http://docdro.id/5ITQHUW
From playlist Set Theory
Steve Zelditch - Critical Points of Random Super-potentials and Spin Glasses
In the early 2000s, one often heard that the vacuum counting problem in string theory was like a spin glass problem. My talk will review results of Douglas, Shiffman, and myself on probabilistic methods for counting vacua of certain string theories. I then review some more recent results b
From playlist Mikefest: A conference in honor of Michael Douglas' 60th birthday
The Morse Complex on Singular Spaces - Graeme Wilkin
Glimpses of Mathematics, Now and Then: A Celebration of Karen Uhlenbeck's 80th Birthday Topic: The Morse Complex on Singular Spaces Speaker: Graeme Wilkin Affiliation: University of York Date: September 17, 2022 Morse theory is a beautiful subject with a long history, which includes sign
From playlist Glimpses of Mathematics, Now and Then: A Celebration of Karen Uhlenbeck's 80th Birthday
Ulrich Bauer (4/6/22): Persistence in functional topology
I will illustrate the central role and the historical development of persistent homology beyond applied topology, connecting recent developments in persistence theory with classical results in critical point theory and the calculus of variations. Presenting recent joint work with M. Schmah
From playlist AATRN 2022
Henry Adams and Enrique Alvarado: An introduction to Morse theory
We give an introduction to Morse theory. Given a space equipped with a real-valued function, one can use Morse theory to produce a compact cellular model for that space. Furthermore, the cellular model reflects important properties of the function. We describe CW cell complexes, the Morse
From playlist Tutorials
Connor McCranie and Markus Pflaum (2/25/20): Catastrophe theory
Title: Catastrophe theory Abstract: We given an introduction to catastrophe theory by René Thom. After briefly defining what degenerate and non-degnerate critical points of a smooth function are we introduce the algebra of germs of smooth real-valued functions and describe singular germs
From playlist DELTA (Descriptors of Energy Landscape by Topological Analysis), Webinar 2020
Towards Morse theory of dispersion relations - Gregory Berkolaiko
Mathematical Physics Seminar Topic: Towards Morse theory of dispersion relations Speaker: Gregory Berkolaiko Affiliation: Texas A&M University Date: April 20, 2022 The question of optimizing an eigenvalue of a family of self-adjoint operators that depends on a set of parameters arises i
From playlist Mathematics
Robyn Brooks and Celia Hacker (6/24/20): Morse-based fibering of the rank invariant
Title: Morse-based fibering of the rank invariant Abstract: Given the success of single-parameter persistence in data analysis and the fact that some systems warrant analysis across multiple parameters, it is highly desirable to develop data analysis pipelines based on multi-parameter per
From playlist AATRN 2020
Neža Mramor (2/17/21): An application of discrete Morse theory to robot motion planning
Title: An application of discrete Morse theory to robot motion planning Abstract: We will shortly recollect the basics of discrete Morse theory and two of its variants, parametric and fiberwise discrete Morse theory. We will then describe how it can be used to construct a continuous motio
From playlist AATRN 2021
Atiyah's Connectivity, Morse Theory and Solution Sets - Alvaro Pelayo
Alvaro Pelayo Member, School of Mathematics April 13, 2011 For more videos, visit http://video.ias.edu
From playlist Mathematics
Claudia Landi (5/11/22): Multi-parameter persistence from the viewpoint of discrete Morse theory
Although there is no doubt that multi-parameter persistent homology is a useful tool for the topological analysis of multivariate data, a complete understanding of these modules is still lacking. Issues such as computation, visualization, and interpretation of the output remain difficult t
From playlist Bridging Applied and Quantitative Topology 2022
Review of set theory -- Proofs
This lecture is on Introduction to Higher Mathematics (Proofs). For more see http://calculus123.com.
From playlist Proofs