Ring theory | Algebras

Central simple algebra

In ring theory and related areas of mathematics a central simple algebra (CSA) over a field K is a finite-dimensional associative K-algebra A which is simple, and for which the center is exactly K. (Note that not every simple algebra is a central simple algebra over its center: for instance, if K is a field of characteristic 0, then the Weyl algebra is a simple algebra with center K, but is not a central simple algebra over K as it has infinite dimension as a K-module.) For example, the complex numbers C form a CSA over themselves, but not over the real numbers R (the center of C is all of C, not just R). The quaternions H form a 4-dimensional CSA over R, and in fact represent the only non-trivial element of the Brauer group of the reals (see below). Given two central simple algebras A ~ M(n,S) and B ~ M(m,T) over the same field F, A and B are called similar (or Brauer equivalent) if their division rings S and T are isomorphic. The set of all equivalence classes of central simple algebras over a given field F, under this equivalence relation, can be equipped with a group operation given by the tensor product of algebras. The resulting group is called the Brauer group Br(F) of the field F. It is always a torsion group. (Wikipedia).

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Quaternion algebra | Posner's theorem | Division ring | Associative algebra | Center (ring theory) | Subalgebra | Automorphism | Severi–Brauer variety | Quaternion | Azumaya algebra | Matrix ring | Separable extension | Dimension (vector space) | Equivalence class | Mathematics | Field (mathematics) | Real number | Tensor product of algebras | Ring theory | Torsion group | Brauer group | Weyl algebra | Skolem–Noether theorem | Complex number | Division algebra | Inner automorphism