A betaine (/ˈbiːtə.iːn, bɪˈteɪ-, -ɪn/) in chemistry is any neutral chemical compound with a positively charged cationic functional group, such as a quaternary ammonium or phosphonium cation (generally: onium ions) that bears no hydrogen atom and with a negatively charged functional group such as a carboxylate group that may not be adjacent to the cationic site. Historically, the term was reserved for trimethylglycine (TMG) which is involved in methylation reactions and detoxification of homocysteine. This is a modified amino acid consisting of glycine with three methyl groups serving as methyl donor for various metabolic pathways. The pronunciation of the compound reflects its origin and first isolation from sugar beets (Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris), and does not derive from the Greek letter beta (β). It is commonly pronounced beta-INE or BEE-tayn. In biological systems, many naturally occurring betaines serve as organic osmolytes. These are substances synthesized or taken up from the environment by cells for protection against osmotic stress, drought, high salinity, or high temperature. Intracellular accumulation of betaines permits water retention in cells, thus protecting from the effects of dehydration. This accumulation is non-perturbing to enzyme function, protein structure, and membrane integrity. Betaine is also a methyl donor of increasingly recognised significance in biology. (Wikipedia).
Beta Function - Integral Representation Derivation
Today, we derive the integral representation for the Beta function. We will be using this result in a future video to prove the Euler reflection formula!
From playlist Integrals
The Beta Function: Deriving its TRIGONOMETRIC EQUIVALENT!
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From playlist Integrals
Eulerian Integral of the First Kind - Deriving the BETA FUNCTION! [ The non-trigonometric Version ]
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From playlist Integrals
(ML 7.6) Beta-Bernoulli model (part 2)
The Beta distribution is a conjugate prior for the Bernoulli. We derive the posterior distribution and the (posterior) predictive distribution under this model.
From playlist Machine Learning
(ML 7.5) Beta-Bernoulli model (part 1)
The Beta distribution is a conjugate prior for the Bernoulli. We derive the posterior distribution and the (posterior) predictive distribution under this model.
From playlist Machine Learning
This is the 100th upload to the channel! Thank you for your continued support - you are magnificent mouthpipetters! Support the Channel on Patreon - https://www.patreon.com/thatchemist Join the Community Discord! - https://discord.gg/thatchemist Second Discord link if the first one is bo
From playlist Chemistry Tierlists
Excel Beta Distribution (BETA.DIST)
How to use the BETA.DIST function in Excel for beta distribution cumulative probabilities. Three ways to format the function/
From playlist Excel for Statistics
How a vegan diet affects your brain – BBC REEL
Is taking up veganism one of your New Year's resolutions? A well-planned vegan diet can be delicious, nutritious, and environmentally friendly. But understanding the nutritional impact of changing your diet is really important. In this video, Kimberley Wilson, a psychologist with a master
From playlist Reel Science
Why Are We Genetically Modifying Humans? | Epigenetics | Spark
The idea that “our genes are our fate" is dead. Exciting new discoveries in the field of epigenetics have proven that our lifestyle and environment can turn off and on many of the genes that control our health and wellbeing. Simple things like where we live, what we eat, pollution, stress,
From playlist Spark Top Docs
Synthesis Workshop: The Phospha-Bora-Wittig Reaction with Dr. Andryj Borys (Episode 75)
In this Research Spotlight episode, Dr. Andryj Borys (Hevia group, University of Bern), who shares with us his work on the phospha-bora-Wittig reaction from the Cowley group (University of Edinburgh). Key reference: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2021, 143 (35), 14065-14070. https://doi.org/10.1021/ja
From playlist Research Spotlights
IIT JEE Algebraic Manipulation
2010 Paper 1 problem 35 Algebraic Manipulation More free lessons at: http://www.khanacademy.org/video?v=zs5LM7dxyTo
From playlist IIT JEE | IIT JEE | Khan Academy
Naming Alkanes Using IUPAC Systematic Nomenclature - A-Level Chemistry
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From playlist Oxford AQA International A-Level Chemistry | Revision Playlist
Japanese Emperors Family Tree | 1,350 Years Ago to Present
Buy the family tree poster: https://usefulcharts.com/products/asian-royal-family-trees Buy the writing systems poster: https://usefulcharts.com/products/writing-systems-of-the-world Charts by Matt Baker: https://usefulcharts.com/ Script & Narration by Jack Rackam: https://www.youtube.co
From playlist Royal Family Trees
From playlist Linear Algebra Ch 7
Adapting to Our New Climate | Solving for Zero: The Search for Climate Innovation
In the next 30 years, climate change could affect enough of the planet to cause as many as 200 million displaced persons—four times as many as World War II. Although steps are being taken to reduce our carbon emissions, we also need innovations to help us adapt to our new climate. Meet tho
From playlist Biology and Health
Zakhar Kabluchko: Random Polytopes, Lecture III
In these three lectures we will provide an introduction to the subject of beta polytopes. These are random polytopes defined as convex hulls of i.i.d. samples from the beta density proportional to (1 − ∥x∥2)β on the d-dimensional unit ball. Similarly, beta’ polytopes are defined as convex
From playlist Workshop: High dimensional spatial random systems
Zakhar Kabluchko: Random Polytopes, Lecture I
In these three lectures we will provide an introduction to the subject of beta polytopes. These are random polytopes defined as convex hulls of i.i.d. samples from the beta density proportional to (1 − ∥x∥2)β on the d-dimensional unit ball. Similarly, beta’ polytopes are defined as convex
From playlist Workshop: High dimensional spatial random systems
Lecture 4, Convolution | MIT RES.6.007 Signals and Systems, Spring 2011
Lecture 4, Convolution Instructor: Alan V. Oppenheim View the complete course: http://ocw.mit.edu/RES-6.007S11 License: Creative Commons BY-NC-SA More information at http://ocw.mit.edu/terms More courses at http://ocw.mit.edu
From playlist MIT RES.6.007 Signals and Systems, 1987