Scientists who worked on qibla determination

Al-Nayrizi

Abū’l-‘Abbās al-Faḍl ibn Ḥātim al-Nairīzī (Arabic: أبو العباس الفضل بن حاتم النيريزي, Latin: Anaritius, Nazirius, c. 865–922) was a Persian mathematician and astronomer from Nayriz, Fars Province, Iran. He flourished under al-Mu'tadid, Caliph from 892 to 902, and compiled astronomical tables, writing a book for al-Mu'tadid on atmospheric phenomena. Nayrizi wrote commentaries on Ptolemy and Euclid. The latter were translated by Gerard of Cremona. Nairizi used the so-called umbra (versa), the equivalent to the tangent, as a genuine trigonometric line (but he was anticipated in this by al-Marwazi). He wrote a treatise on the spherical astrolabe, which is very elaborate and seems to be the best Persian work on the subject. It is divided into four books: 1. * Historical and critical introduction. 2. * Description of the spherical astrolabe; its superiority over plane astrolabes and all other astronomical instruments. 3. * Applications. * Applications. He gave a proof of the Pythagorean theorem using the Pythagorean tiling. Ibn al-Nadim mentions Nayrizi as a distinguished astronomer with eight works by him listed in his book al-Fihrist. (Wikipedia).

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Related pages

Pythagorean tiling | Pythagorean theorem | Astrolabe | Euclid | Habash al-Hasib al-Marwazi