Solid State Physics

1. Electronic Properties
   1. Band Theory of Solids
      1. Introduction to Band Theory
         1. Atomic orbitals and electron states
         2. Formation of energy bands from atomic orbitals
      2. Band Structures and Band Gaps
         1. Energy band diagrams
         2. Valence band and conduction band
         3. Band gap energy and its significance
         4. Direct and indirect band gaps
      3. Classification by Band Structures
         1. Conductors and metallic behavior
         2. Semiconductors and their tunable properties
         3. Insulators and their large band gaps
   2. Electron Mobility
      1. Definition and importance
      2. Factors affecting electron mobility
         1. Temperature dependence
         2. Impurity and defect scattering
         3. Lattice vibrations and phonon scattering
      3. Measurement techniques
         1. Hall effect mobility
         2. Time-of-flight measurements
   3. Electrical Conductivity and Resistivity
      1. Ohm's law and basic principles
      2. Temperature dependence of conductivity
      3. Influence of impurities and defects
      4. Mathematical models
         1. Drude model of conductivity
         2. Quantum models of low-dimensional systems
   4. Fermi Level and Fermi Surface
      1. Definition and significance of the Fermi level
      2. Calculation of the Fermi energy
      3. Role in electronic properties
         1. Influence on carrier concentration
         2. Importance in temperature dependence of properties
      4. Fermi surface in metals
         1. Shape and topology
         2. Experimental determination (e.g., ARPES)
   5. Electrical Phenomena
      1. Hall Effect
         1. Basic principles and Hall voltage
         2. Determination of carrier type and density
         3. Applications in magnetic field sensing
      2. Quantum Hall Effect
         1. Discovery and significance
         2. Quantized Hall resistance
         3. Role in the study of topological insulators
      3. Anomalous Hall Effect
         1. Relationship to magnetic materials
         2. Influence of spin-orbit coupling
         3. Impact on modern spintronics
   6. Quantum Effects in Electronic Properties
      1. Band quantization in low-dimensional systems
      2. Quantum confinement in quantum wells and dots
      3. Tunneling phenomena
         1. Resonant and non-resonant tunneling
         2. Applications in tunnel diodes and transistors
      4. Quantum states in 2D materials
         1. Graphene and transition metal dichalcogenides
         2. Novel electronic properties due to reduced dimensionality