Plasma Physics

1. Astrophysical Plasma Physics
   1. Solar Physics
      1. Structure of the Sun
         1. Core and energy generation
         2. Radiative and convective zones
         3. Photosphere characteristics
         4. Chromosphere dynamics
         5. Corona and its mysteries
      2. Solar Activities
         1. Sunspots and solar cycle
         2. Solar flares and mechanisms
         3. Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs)
            1. CMEs and space weather impact
         4. Solar wind and its effects
      3. Helioseismology
         1. Understanding the Sun's interior through sound waves
      4. Solar magnetic fields
         1. Solar dynamo process
         2. Influence on solar activity cycles
   2. Stellar Phenomena
      1. Star Formation
         1. Molecular cloud collapse
         2. Protostellar evolution
         3. Birth of stars in different environments
      2. Stellar Evolution
         1. Main sequence phase
         2. Red giant transformations
         3. Planetary nebulae formation
      3. Supernovae
         1. Types of supernovae (Type I, II)
         2. Supernova remnants
         3. Role in cosmic element distribution
      4. Neutron Stars
         1. Formation from supernovae
         2. Pulsar properties and emissions
         3. Magnetars and their extreme magnetic fields
   3. Cosmic Plasmas
      1. Interstellar Medium
         1. Composition and phases
         2. Role in star formation
      2. Galactic Dynamics
         1. Plasma in galaxy formation and evolution
         2. Galactic winds and feedback processes
      3. Accretion Disks
         1. Around black holes and neutron stars
         2. Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) in accretion processes
      4. Cosmic Magnetic Fields
         1. Origin and maintenance in galaxies
         2. Influence on cosmic ray propagation
   4. Plasma Processes in Astrophysics
      1. Magnetic Reconnection
         1. Role in solar flares and CMEs
         2. Occurrence in astrophysical jets
      2. Plasma Instabilities
         1. Rayleigh-Taylor and Kelvin-Helmholtz instabilities in space
         2. Importance for energy transport and mixing
      3. Turbulence in Astrophysical Plasmas
         1. Scale and impact on energy distribution
         2. Role in star formation and galaxy evolution
   5. Observational Techniques
      1. Radio Astronomy
         1. Studying non-thermal emissions and synchrotron radiation
      2. Spectroscopy
         1. Elemental analysis of stellar atmospheres
         2. Doppler shifts and kinematics
      3. Space-based Observations
         1. Role of satellites in X-ray and gamma-ray astronomy
         2. Contribution of telescopes to solar and cosmic studies
   6. Theoretical Modeling
      1. Computational Astrophysics
         1. Simulation of stellar and galactic processes
         2. High-performance computing in plasma modeling
      2. Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) Models
         1. Application to astrophysical fluid dynamics
         2. Importance in understanding cosmic plasmas
      3. Relativistic Plasmas
         1. Occurrence near massive celestial bodies
         2. Role in jets and high-energy astrophysical phenomena