Leadership and Management

1. Strategic Decision-Making
   1. Decision-Making Models
      1. Rational Decision-Making Model
         1. Definition and Characteristics
         2. Steps Involved
            1. Problem Identification
            2. Information Gathering
            3. Analyzing Alternatives
            4. Selection of the Best Alternative
            5. Implementation
            6. Evaluation and Feedback
         3. Advantages and Disadvantages
      2. Bounded Rationality Model
         1. Definition and Characteristics
         2. Concept of Satisficing
         3. Decision Making under Constraints
         4. Role of Heuristics
         5. Limitations and Criticisms
      3. Intuitive Decision-Making Model
         1. Definition and Characteristics
         2. Role of Experience and Expertise
         3. When to Use Intuition
         4. Limitations and Risks
         5. Balancing Intuition with Analysis
   2. Tools for Decision-Making
      1. SWOT Analysis
         1. Strengths
            1. Internal Factors
            2. Competitive Advantage
         2. Weaknesses
            1. Internal Challenges
            2. Areas for Improvement
         3. Opportunities
            1. Market Trends
            2. Innovation Potential
         4. Threats
            1. External Risks
            2. Competitor Analysis
         5. Application in Strategic Planning
      2. PESTLE Analysis
         1. Political Factors
         2. Economic Factors
         3. Social Factors
         4. Technological Factors
         5. Legal Factors
         6. Environmental Factors
         7. Integration into Strategic Frameworks
      3. Cost-Benefit Analysis
         1. Identifying Costs
            1. Direct Costs
            2. Indirect Costs
         2. Identifying Benefits
            1. Tangible Benefits
            2. Intangible Benefits
         3. Discounting Future Values
         4. Net Present Value (NPV) Calculation
         5. Risk Factors and Sensitivity Analysis
   3. Risk Management
      1. Understanding Risk as Part of Decision-Making
         1. Types of Risks
            1. Market Risk
            2. Operational Risk
            3. Financial Risk
            4. Compliance Risk
         2. Risk Identification
            1. SWOT Analysis in Risk Context
            2. Scenario Planning
         3. Risk Assessment Techniques
            1. Qualitative Analysis
            2. Quantitative Analysis
         4. Risk Mitigation Strategies
            1. Avoidance
            2. Reduction
            3. Transfer
            4. Acceptance
         5. Monitoring and Reviewing Risk
            1. Continuous Risk Assessment
            2. Adapting Strategies to Changing Circumstances