International Law

1. Key Areas of International Law
   1. International Humanitarian Law
      1. Laws of Armed Conflict
         1. Geneva Conventions
            1. Protection of wounded, sick, and shipwrecked soldiers
            2. Treatment of prisoners of war
            3. Protection of civilians during conflicts
         2. Hague Conventions
            1. Rules on land warfare
            2. Restrictions on the use of certain weapons
         3. Customary International Humanitarian Law
      2. Protection of Civilians and Combatants
         1. Civilian immunity and safeguards
         2. Rights of combatants and non-combatants
   2. International Human Rights Law
      1. Universal Declaration of Human Rights
         1. Historical context and drafting
         2. Foundational principles and articles
      2. International Covenants
         1. International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR)
            1. Right to life, freedom of speech, and fair trial
         2. International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR)
            1. Right to education, health, and work
      3. Regional Human Rights Instruments
         1. European Convention on Human Rights
            1. European Court of Human Rights enforcement
         2. Inter-American Human Rights System
         3. African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights
   3. International Criminal Law
      1. Crimes Against Humanity
         1. Definition and scope within international frameworks
      2. War Crimes
         1. Prosecution under international tribunals
      3. Genocide
         1. Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide
      4. International Criminal Court
         1. Structure and jurisdiction
         2. Notable prosecutions and cases
   4. International Environmental Law
      1. Climate Change Agreements
         1. Kyoto Protocol
         2. Paris Agreement
         3. Role of Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)
      2. Biodiversity and Conservation Treaties
         1. Convention on Biological Diversity
         2. CITES (Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species)
   5. International Economic Law
      1. International Trade Law
         1. World Trade Organization
            1. Dispute resolution mechanism
            2. Trade facilitation agreements
         2. Bilateral and Multilateral Trade Agreements
            1. NAFTA, USMCA, TPP
      2. International Investment Law
         1. Bilateral Investment Treaties (BITs)
         2. Investor-State Dispute Settlement (ISDS)
      3. International Monetary Law
         1. Role of the International Monetary Fund (IMF)
         2. Balance of payments issues
   6. International Maritime Law
      1. Law of the Sea
         1. United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS)
         2. Navigational rights and freedoms
         3. Exclusive Economic Zones and Continental Shelf rights
      2. Maritime Boundaries and Zones
         1. Territorial waters and baseline determination
         2. Dispute settlement mechanisms
   7. International Air and Space Law
      1. Airspace Sovereignty
         1. Chicago Convention on International Civil Aviation
         2. Rights of overflight and air routes
      2. Space Exploration Regulations
         1. Outer Space Treaty
            1. Non-appropriation and demilitarization clauses
         2. Liability Convention and Space Debris issues