Environmental Law and Policy

1. Issues Addressed by Environmental Law
   1. Pollution Control
      1. Air Quality Management
         1. Regulations on Industrial Emissions
            1. Factory Emission Standards
            2. Power Plant Regulations
         2. Transportation Emission Controls
            1. Vehicle Emission Standards
            2. Promotion of Public Transit
         3. Indoor Air Quality
            1. Regulations for Residential and Commercial Buildings
            2. Tobacco Smoke Control Policies
      2. Water Quality and Waste Management
         1. Regulations on Wastewater Treatment
            1. Standards for Discharge into Water Bodies
            2. Municipal and Industrial Wastewater Treatment
         2. Management of Water Pollution Sources
            1. Agricultural Runoff and Pesticides
            2. Chemical Spills and Industrial Wastewater
         3. Solid Waste Management
            1. Recycling and Waste Reduction Initiatives
            2. Landfill Regulations and Monitoring
      3. Hazardous Substances and Waste
         1. Safe Handling and Disposal of Chemicals
            1. Regulations on Toxic Substances
            2. Licensing and Monitoring of Hazardous Waste Facilities
         2. Cleanup and Remediation of Contaminated Sites
            1. Superfund Sites Management
            2. Brownfield Rehabilitation Programs
         3. Control of Transboundary Movement
            1. International Protocols on Hazardous Waste Transport
            2. Border Control and Inspection Mechanisms
   2. Conservation of Biodiversity
      1. Wildlife Protection
         1. Endangered Species Protection
            1. Listing and Recovery Plans
            2. Habitat Conservation Efforts
         2. Anti-poaching and Trafficking Laws
            1. International and National Enforcement Mechanisms
            2. Community-based Protection Initiatives
      2. Habitats and Ecosystem Management
         1. Protection of Critical Habitats
            1. National Parks and Wildlife Reserves
            2. Marine Protected Areas and Sanctuaries
         2. Restoration of Degraded Ecosystems
            1. Reforestation and Wetland Restoration Projects
            2. Urban Green Spaces and Corridors
      3. Genetic Resources and Indigenous Knowledge
         1. Access and Benefit-sharing Frameworks
            1. Legal Protocols for Genetic Resource Usage
            2. Protection of Indigenous Rights and Knowledge
         2. In-situ and Ex-situ Conservation Strategies
            1. Seed Banks and Living Collections
            2. Conservation of Wild Relatives of Domesticated Species
   3. Management of Natural Resources
      1. Forest Management
         1. Sustainable Forestry Practices
            1. Certification and Logging Regulations
            2. Community Forestry Programs
         2. Deforestation Control and Reforestation
            1. Legal Restrictions on Land Clearing
            2. Incentive Programs for Reforestation
      2. Water Resources Management
         1. Integrated Water Resource Management (IWRM)
            1. River Basin Management Plans
            2. Groundwater Conservation and Regulation
         2. Water Sharing Agreements and Conflicts Resolution
            1. Interstate and International Water Compacts
            2. Mediation and Arbitration Frameworks
      3. Fisheries and Marine Resources
         1. Sustainable Fishing Practices
            1. Quotas and Licensing Systems
            2. Monitoring and Compliance Inspection
         2. Marine Resource Conservation
            1. Protection of Coral Reefs and Marine Biodiversity
            2. Prevention of Overfishing and Bycatch
   4. Climate Change
      1. Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies
         1. National Renewable Energy Targets
            1. Wind, Solar, and Hydroelectric Projects
            2. Incentives for Clean Energy Investments
         2. Adaptation Plans for Vulnerable Regions
            1. Infrastructure Resilience and Community Preparedness
            2. Ecosystem-based Adaptation Measures
      2. Renewable Energy Initiatives
         1. Development of Renewable Energy Sources
            1. Support for Emerging Technologies
            2. Grid Integration and Distributed Energy Resources
         2. Energy Efficiency and Conservation
            1. Building Codes and Appliance Standards
            2. Promotion of Smart Grid Technologies
      3. Carbon Trading and Emissions Reduction
         1. Carbon Emissions Trading Systems
            1. Cap-and-Trade Programs
            2. Offsetting and Credit Verification Mechanisms
         2. Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) Technologies
            1. Incentives for CCS Infrastructure
            2. Public and Private Sector Collaboration