Cyber Law and Digital Rights

1. Cybersecurity
   1. Definition and Importance
      1. Explanation of cybersecurity as a practice and field
      2. Importance in protecting sensitive data and systems
      3. Role in national security and economic stability
   2. Types of Cyber Threats
      1. Malware
         1. Viruses
         2. Worms
         3. Spyware
         4. Trojans
         5. Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs)
      2. Phishing
         1. Email Phishing
         2. Spear Phishing
         3. Whaling
         4. Smishing (SMS phishing)
         5. Vishing (Voice phishing)
      3. Ransomware
         1. Encryption-based Ransomware
         2. Locker Ransomware
         3. Ransomware as a Service (RaaS)
         4. Notable Ransomware Attacks and Lessons Learned
      4. Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) Attacks
         1. Botnets
         2. Application-layer Attacks
         3. Protocol Attacks
         4. Mitigation Strategies and Tools
      5. Insider Threats
         1. Malicious Insiders
         2. Accidental Insiders
         3. Detection and Prevention Strategies
   3. Cybersecurity Measures
      1. Risk Assessment and Management
         1. Identifying and Evaluating Risks
         2. Implementing Control Measures
         3. Continuous Monitoring and Review
      2. Network Security Protocols
         1. Firewalls
         2. Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS)
         3. Intrusion Prevention Systems (IPS)
         4. Virtual Private Networks (VPNs)
         5. Secure Web Gateways
      3. Incident Response Plans
         1. Incident Detection and Analysis
         2. Containment and Eradication
         3. Recovery Post-Incident
         4. Lessons Learned and Improvement
      4. Encryption Techniques
         1. Symmetric and Asymmetric Encryption
         2. Hash Functions
         3. Public Key Infrastructure (PKI)
      5. Access Control Mechanisms
         1. Authentication and Authorization
         2. Role-Based Access Control (RBAC)
         3. Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA)
   4. Legal Aspects of Cybersecurity
      1. Compliance and Regulations
         1. Industry-Specific Regulations
         2. Data Protection Laws and Cybersecurity Requirements
      2. Liability and Breach Notification
         1. Understanding Legal Accountability
         2. Mandatory Breach Notification Laws
         3. Best Practices for Compliance
      3. Intellectual Property in Cybersecurity
         1. Protection of Proprietary Software
         2. Legal Challenges in Cyber Espionage
   5. International Cybersecurity Standards
      1. ISO/IEC Standards
         1. ISO/IEC 27001: Information Security Management
         2. Other Relevant Standards in Cybersecurity
      2. NIST Cybersecurity Framework
         1. Core Functions and Implementation Tiers
         2. Adoption by Various Industries
   6. Ethical Hacking and Ethical Considerations
      1. Definition and Types of Ethical Hacking
      2. Role of White-Hat Hackers
      3. Penetration Testing Processes and Tools
      4. Legal and Ethical Ramifications
   7. Challenges
      1. Evolving Threat Landscape
         1. Real-Time Threat Intelligence
         2. Adapting to New Threats and Technologies
      2. Insider Threats
         1. Employee Training and Awareness Programs
         2. Use of Behavioral Analytics
      3. Protecting Critical Infrastructure
         1. Vulnerabilities in Energy, Water, and Transport Systems
         2. Government and Private Sector Cooperation
      4. Resource Constraints
         1. Budget Limitations for Cybersecurity Measures
         2. Shortage of Skilled Cybersecurity Professionals
      5. Privacy Concerns
         1. Balancing Privacy with Security Needs
         2. Implementing Privacy-Enhancing Technologies