Computer Networks

1. Network Management
   1. Network Monitoring
      1. Techniques and Tools
         1. Packet Sniffers
         2. Flow Analyzers
         3. Network Monitoring Software
         4. Network Probes
      2. Real-Time Monitoring
         1. Dashboard Interfaces
         2. Alert Systems
      3. Historical Data Analysis
         1. Trend Analysis
         2. Traffic Patterns
      4. Network Performance Metrics
         1. Latency
         2. Throughput
         3. Bandwidth Utilization
         4. Error Rates
   2. Performance Optimization
      1. Bandwidth Management
         1. Bandwidth Allocation
         2. Traffic Shaping
         3. Quality of Service (QoS)
      2. Load Balancing
         1. Load Balancing Techniques
            1. Round Robin
            2. Least Connections
            3. IP Hashing
      3. Optimization Algorithms
         1. Heuristic Approaches
         2. Machine Learning Models
      4. Network Upgrades
         1. Hardware Enhancements
         2. Software Optimization
   3. Troubleshooting
      1. Troubleshooting Methodologies
         1. Bottom-up Approach
         2. Top-down Approach
         3. Divide and Conquer
      2. Common Network Issues
         1. Connectivity Problems
         2. Bandwidth Limitations
         3. Slow Network Performance
         4. IP Address Conflicts
      3. Troubleshooting Tools
         1. Ping and Traceroute
         2. Network Analyzers
         3. Protocol Analyzers
   4. Configuration Management
      1. Configuration Tools and Software
         1. Network Configuration and Change Management (NCCM)
         2. Version Control Systems
      2. Automation and Scripting
         1. Use of Scripting Languages
         2. Automated Backup and Recovery
      3. Change Management Processes
         1. Evaluation and Planning
         2. Implementation and Testing
         3. Review and Documentation
      4. Configuration Standards
         1. Configuration File Formats
         2. Naming Conventions
         3. Documentation Practices
   5. Network Management Protocols
      1. Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)
         1. SNMP Versions
         2. SNMP Operations
         3. SNMP MIBs and OIDs
      2. Remote Network Monitoring (RMON)
         1. RMON Standards
         2. RMON Capabilities
      3. Other Network Management Protocols
         1. NetFlow
         2. sFlow
      4. Protocol Comparison and Selection
         1. Features
         2. Scalability
         3. Implementation Complexity